صلب

Also Aramaic / Hebrew צָלַב‎ (ṣāláḇ), Ge'ez ጸለበ (ṣäläbä), but mostly within Arabic a denominal verb of صَلِيب‎ (ṣalīb, “cross”), plausibly also interpreted after the native صَلَّبَ‎ (ṣallaba, “to prop up, to support”).

صَلَبَ • (ṣalaba) I, non-past يَصْلُبُ‎ or يَصْلِبُ‎‎ (yaṣlubu or yaṣlibu)

1. to crucify
2. to barbecue
3. to enkindle, to set on fire, to ignite

صَلَّبَ • (ṣallaba) II, non-past يُصَلِّبُ‎‎ (yuṣallibu)

1. to crucify
   • 609–632 CE, Qur'an, 7:124:

     ‏لَأُقَطِّعَنَّ أَيْدِيَكُمْ وَأَرْجُلَكُم مِّنْ خِلَافٍ ثُمَّ لَأُصَلِّبَنَّكُمْ أَجْمَعِينَ‎

     laʔuqaṭṭiʕanna ʔaydiyakum waʔarjulakum mmin ḵilāfin ṯumma laʔuṣallibannakum ʔajmaʕīna

     (please add an English translation of this quote)

2. to make crossed, to cross

• Maltese: sallab

Derived from the verbal noun of صَلَبَ‎ (ṣalaba).

• Audio (ṣalb)

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صَلْب • (ṣalb) m

1. (uncountable) crucifixion

From the root ص ل ب‎ (ṣ-l-b).

صَلُبَ • (ṣaluba) I, non-past يَصْلُبُ‎‎ (yaṣlubu)

1. to be or become rigid, to be or become solid, to be or become stiff, to be or become unyielding, to be or become sturdy

صَلَّبَ • (ṣallaba) II, non-past يُصَلِّبُ‎‎ (yuṣallibu)

1. to stiffen, to harden, to make sturdy, to render tough
2. to support, to prop

IPA^(key): /sˤulb/

صُلْب • (ṣulb) (feminine صُلْبَة‎ (ṣulba), common plural أَصْلَاب‎ (ʔaṣlāb) or أَصْلُب‎ (ʔaṣlub) or صِلَبَة‎ (ṣilaba), feminine plural صُلْبَات‎ (ṣulbāt), elative أَصْلَب‎ (ʔaṣlab))

1. firm, stiff, solid
   • c. 1200, يحيى بن محمد بن أحمد بن العوام‎ [Yaḥyā ibn muḥammad ibn ʾaḥmad ibn al-ʿawwām], José Antonio Banqueri, editor, كتاب الفلاحة‎ [Book on Agriculture], volume 2, Madrid: Imprenta Real, published 1802^IA, Cap. 29, Art. 15, pages 386–387:

     ‏والشكوس قال أبو الخير وغيره هو الورد الفحصيّ وقيل البريّ وهو نوعان أحدهما يسمّى بالعجميّة الرحبل ورقه في قدر ورق الزيتون وأطول وأعرض أغبر أحرش وأغصانه خشنة صلبة إلى البياض ما هي تطلع في زمن الربيع نوره كالورد حمراء فائتة وفي وسطها صفرة وهذا هو المسمّى الورد الفحصيّ ويقال إن الورد إن ركب فيه فينجب والنوع الثاني من الشكوس ورقه أصغر من ورق الأول وأشدّ خضرة وهو أحرش بين الاستدار والطول وأغضانه إلى الحمراء ما هي تطلع وردا أبيضا ناصعة في وسطها وكلاهما لاحق بالأشجار.‎‎

     And the rockrose, say Abū al-Ḵayr and others, is the field rose, and also the land rose, it is said, and there are two kinds: One is called in Berber raḥbal and its leaves are of the dimensions of the leaves of the olive but longer and wider, more gray and rugged, and its branches are rough, stiff and lean into white, and in spring it blossoms in roses of a red hue you almost miss, and in their mid there is yellow and this is called field rose, and it is said that if a rose is grafted onto it it will prevail. The second kind of rockrose has smaller leaves than the first, of a more intense green, and it is more rugged around and along, and its branches lean into red and spawn white roses, vivid in the middle. And both liaise with trees.

صُلَّب • (ṣullab)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

صُلْب • (ṣulb) m (plural أَصْلُب‎ (ʔaṣlub) or أَصْلَاب‎ (ʔaṣlāb))

1. backbone, the bone extending from the base of the neck to the coccyx
   • 609–632 CE, Qur'an, 86:5-7:

     ‏فَلْيَنْظُرِ ٱلْإِنْسَانُ مِمَّ خُلِقَ خُلِقَ مِنْ مَاءٍ دَافِقٍ يَخْرُجُ مِنْ بَيْنِ ٱلصُّلْبِ وَٱلتَّرَائِبِ‎

     falyanẓuri l-ʔinsānu mimma ḵuliqa ḵuliqa min māʔin dāfiqin yaḵruju min bayni ṣ-ṣulbi wat-tarāʔibi

     So let man look around: what is it that he was made of? / He was made out of out-flowing water. / From between the spine and the breastbone, it gushes out.

2. loins
3. steel

صُلُب • (ṣulub) pl

1. plural of صَلِيب‎ (ṣalīb)

• “ṣlb”, in The Comprehensive Aramaic Lexicon Project, Cincinnati: Hebrew Union College, 1986–
• “ṣalāpu”, in The Assyrian Dictionary of the Oriental Institute of the University of Chicago (CAD), volume 15, S, Chicago: University of Chicago Oriental Institute, 1984, page 71
• Dozy, Reinhart Pieter Anne (1881), “صلب”, in Supplément aux dictionnaires arabes (in French), volume 1, Leiden: E. J. Brill, page 840–841
• Fraenkel, Siegmund (1886) Die aramäischen Fremdwörter im Arabischen (in German), Leiden: E. J. Brill, page 276
• Freytag, Georg (1833), “صلب”, in Lexicon arabico-latinum praesertim ex Djeuharii Firuzabadiique et aliorum Arabum operibus adhibitis Golii quoque et aliorum libris confectum (in Latin), volume 2, Halle: C. A. Schwetschke, pages 510–511
• Lane, Edward William (1863), “صلب”, in Arabic-English Lexicon, London: Williams & Norgate, pages 1711–1713
• Jeffery, Arthur (1938) The Foreign Vocabulary of the Qurʾān (Gaekwad’s Oriental Series; 79), Baroda: Oriental Institute, page 197
• Nöldeke, Theodor (1910) Neue Beiträge zur semitischen Sprachwissenschaft‎ (in German), Straßburg: Karl J. Trübner, page 35
• Vollers, Karl (1896), “Beiträge zur Kenntniss der lebenden arabischen Sprache in Aegypten”, in Zeitschrift der Deutschen Morgenländischen Gesellschaft‎ (in German), volume 50, page 614
• Wehr, Hans; Kropfitsch, Lorenz (1985), “صلب”, in Arabisches Wörterbuch für die Schriftsprache der Gegenwart (in German), 5th edition, Wiesbaden: Otto Harrassowitz, published 2011, →ISBN, page 721

From Arabic صَلَّبَ‎ (ṣallaba).

• IPA^(key): /sˤal.lab/, [ˈsˤɑl.lɑb]

• Audio (Ramallah)

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صلّب • (ṣallab) (form II, present بصلّب‎ (biṣalleb))

1. to crucify