فرعون

Arabic

Etymology

The word is not attested before the Qurʾān and the probabilities are that the immediate source for the Arabic is the Classical Syriac ܦܹܪܥܘܼܢ‎ (pɛrʕūn).

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): /fir.ʕawn/
    • (Hijazi) IPA(key): /fir.ʕoːn/

Proper noun

فِرْعَوْن • (firʕawn) m

  1. (without article) Pharaoh (Quranic or Biblical antagonist of Moses)

Declension
Declension of proper noun فِرْعَوْن (firʕawn)
Singular basic singular diptote
Indefinite Definite Construct
Informal — فِرْعَوْن
firʕawn		 —
Nominative — فِرْعَوْنُ
firʕawnu		 —
Accusative — فِرْعَوْنَ
firʕawna		 —
Genitive — فِرْعَوْنَ
firʕawna		 —

Noun

فِرْعَوْن • (firʕawn) m (plural فَرَاعِنَة‎ (farāʕina))

  1. a pharaoh (an ancient Egyptian ruler)
  2. (figurative) a despotic person; one who abuses their power, a tyrant

Declension
Declension of noun فِرْعَوْن (firʕawn)
Singular basic singular triptote
Indefinite Definite Construct
Informal فِرْعَوْن
firʕawn		 الْفِرْعَوْن‎
al-firʕawn		 فِرْعَوْن
firʕawn
Nominative فِرْعَوْنٌ
firʕawnun		 الْفِرْعَوْنُ‎
al-firʕawnu		 فِرْعَوْنُ
firʕawnu
Accusative فِرْعَوْنًا‎
firʕawnan		 الْفِرْعَوْنَ‎
al-firʕawna		 فِرْعَوْنَ
firʕawna
Genitive فِرْعَوْنٍ
firʕawnin		 الْفِرْعَوْنِ‎
al-firʕawni		 فِرْعَوْنِ
firʕawni
Dual Indefinite Definite Construct
Informal فِرْعَوْنَيْن‎
firʕawnayn		 الْفِرْعَوْنَيْن‎
al-firʕawnayn		 فِرْعَوْنَيْ‎
firʕawnay
Nominative فِرْعَوْنَانِ‎
firʕawnāni		 الْفِرْعَوْنَانِ‎
al-firʕawnāni		 فِرْعَوْنَا‎
firʕawnā
Accusative فِرْعَوْنَيْنِ‎
firʕawnayni		 الْفِرْعَوْنَيْنِ‎
al-firʕawnayni		 فِرْعَوْنَيْ‎
firʕawnay
Genitive فِرْعَوْنَيْنِ‎
firʕawnayni		 الْفِرْعَوْنَيْنِ‎
al-firʕawnayni		 فِرْعَوْنَيْ‎
firʕawnay
Plural broken plural triptote in ـَة (-a)
Indefinite Definite Construct
Informal فَرَاعِنَة‎
farāʕina		 الْفَرَاعِنَة‎
al-farāʕina		 فَرَاعِنَة‎
farāʕinat
Nominative فَرَاعِنَةٌ‎
farāʕinatun		 الْفَرَاعِنَةُ‎
al-farāʕinatu		 فَرَاعِنَةُ‎
farāʕinatu
Accusative فَرَاعِنَةً‎
farāʕinatan		 الْفَرَاعِنَةَ‎
al-farāʕinata		 فَرَاعِنَةَ‎
farāʕinata
Genitive فَرَاعِنَةٍ‎
farāʕinatin		 الْفَرَاعِنَةِ‎
al-farāʕinati		 فَرَاعِنَةِ‎
farāʕinati

Derived terms
  • تَفَرْعَنَ‎ (tafarʕana, “to be like a pharaoh, to be a tyrant”)

Descendants

References
  • Jeffery, Arthur (1938) The Foreign Vocabulary of the Qurʾān (Gaekwad’s Oriental Series; 79), Baroda: Oriental Institute, page 225
  • Wehr, Hans (1979), “فرعون”, in J. Milton Cowan, editor, A Dictionary of Modern Written Arabic, 4th edition, Ithaca, NY: Spoken Language Services, →ISBN

Further reading

Kohistani Shina

Noun

فرعون (fir'on)

  1. pharaoh

Persian

Etymology

Borrowed from the Arabic فِرْعَوْن‎ (firʕawn).

Pronunciation
  • (Tajik) IPA(key): /fiɾʔavn/

Noun
Dari فرعون
Iranian Persian
Tajik фиръавн (firʾavn)

فرعون • (fer'own) (plural فراعنه‎ (farâ'ene) or فرعون‌ها‎ (fer'own-hâ))

  1. pharaoh

Urdu

Etymology

Borrowed from Arabic فِرْعَوْن‎ (firʕawn).

Pronunciation

Noun

فرعون • (fir‘aun) m (plural فراعنہ‎, Hindi spelling फ़िरौन)

  1. pharaoh

Declension
Declension of فرعون
singular plural
direct فِرْعَون‎ (fir'aun) فِرْعَون‎ (fir'aun)
oblique فِرْعَون‎ (fir'aun) فِرْعَونوں‎ (fir'aunō̃)
vocative فِرْعَون‎ (fir'aun) فِرْعَونو‎ (fir'aunō)

Descendants

References
  • “فرعون”, in اُردُو لُغَت (in Urdu), Ministry of Education: Government of Pakistan, 2017.
  • “فرعون”, in Rekhta Dictionary [Urdu dictionary with meanings in Hindi & English] (in English), Noida, India: Rekhta Foundation, 2023.
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