قطران

Compare Hebrew קִטֵּר‎ (qiṭer), Hebrew קְטרֶת‎ (qiṭret, “incense”), Aramaic קְטָר‎ (qəṭār, “incense”), Aramaic עִטְרָן‎ (ʿiṭerān, “cedar resin, pitch”), Classical Syriac ܥܶܛܪܳܢܳܐ‎ (ʿeṭrānā, “cedar resin, pitch”), Classical Syriac ܥܰܛܪܳܢܳܐ‎ (ʿaṭrānā, “cedar resin, pitch”), Classical Syriac ܥܶܛܪܳܐ‎ (ʿeṭrā, “pitch”), Akkadian 𒇒 (/iṭṭū/, “raw bitumen”), further also Old Armenian խայտաղան (xaytałan), Middle Armenian խայծղան (xaycłan, “a kind of pitch or resin”). The historic mutual relations are conjectural; at least secondarily both قَطْر‎ (qaṭr, “syrup, drops, driblets”) and عِطْر‎ (ʕiṭr, “essence, scented material”) seem related, with the ending ـَان (-ān) more likely added in Aramaic, in spite of the combination of it with beginning قـ (q-) being unattested there; note also the Ethiopian Semitic shape ዕጣን (ʿəṭan, “incense”).

• IPA^(key): /qatˤ.raːn/, /qitˤ.raːn/, /qa.tˤi.raːn/

قَطْرَان or قِطْرَان or قَطِرَان • (qaṭrān or qiṭrān or qaṭirān) m

1. tar
2. asphalt

• Maltese: qatran
• → Azerbaijani: qatran
• → Catalan: quitrà
• → Italian: catrame
• → Latin: catarannus
  • → Old French: catran
    • Middle French: goutren
      • French: goudron
        • → English: goudron
        • → Romanian: gudron
• → Ottoman Turkish: قطران‎ (katran)
  • Turkish: katran
  • → Albanian: katrani
  • → Armenian: խաթրան (xatʿran), խաթռան (xatʿṙan), կաթրան (katʿran)
  • → Aromanian: cãtrani, cãtrane
  • → Bulgarian: катра́н (katrán)
  • → Macedonian: катран (katran)
  • → Romanian: catran
  • → Serbo-Croatian:

    Cyrillic script: ка̀тран

    Latin script: kàtran

• → Persian: قطران‎ (qatrân)
• → Piedmontese: catram
• → Portuguese: alcatrão
• → Spanish: alquitrán
• → Uzbek: qatron

• IPA^(key): /qa.tˤa.raːn/

قَطَرَان • (qaṭarān) m

1. verbal noun of قَطَرَ‎ (qaṭara) (form I)

• Fraenkel, Siegmund (1886) Die aramäischen Fremdwörter im Arabischen (in German), Leiden: E. J. Brill, page 150
• Fraenkel, Siegmund (1886) Die aramäischen Fremdwörter im Arabischen (in German), Leiden: E. J. Brill, page 291–292
• Nişanyan, Sevan (2002–), “katran1”, in Nişanyan Sözlük

Borrowed from Arabic قَطْرَان‎ (qaṭrān, “tar, asphalt”).

قطران • (katran)

1. tar, a black, oily, viscous substance, consisting mainly of hydrocarbons

   Synonym: قیر‎ (kir)

2. asphalt, a black and highly viscous liquid or semisolid, composed almost entirely of bitumen
3. Chian turpentine, a preparation from the resin of the terebinth

• Turkish: katran
• → Albanian: katrani
• → Armenian: խաթրան (xatʿran), խաթռան (xatʿṙan), կաթրան (katʿran)
• → Aromanian: cãtrani, cãtrane
• → Bulgarian: катра́н (katrán)
• → Macedonian: катран (katran)
• → Romanian: catran
• → Serbo-Croatian:

  Cyrillic script: ка̀тран

  Latin script: kàtran

• Çağbayır, Yaşar (2007), “katran”, in Ötüken Türkçe Sözlük (in Turkish), volume 1, Istanbul: Ötüken Neşriyat, page 2475
• Eren, Hasan (1999), “katran”, in Türk Dilinin Etimolojik Sözlüğü [Etymological Dictionary of the Turkish Language] (in Turkish), Ankara: Bizim Büro Basım Evi, page 218b
• Kélékian, Diran (1911), “قطران”, in Dictionnaire turc-français, Constantinople: Mihran, page 964
• Meninski, Franciszek à Mesgnien (1687), “Pix”, in Complementum thesauri linguarum orientalium, seu onomasticum latino-turcico-arabico-persicum, simul idem index verborum lexici turcico-arabico-persici, quod latinâ, germanicâ, aliarumque linguarum adjectâ nomenclatione nuper in lucem editum, Vienna, column 1304
• Meninski, Franciszek à Mesgnien (1680), “قطران”, in Thesaurus linguarum orientalium, Turcicae, Arabicae, Persicae, praecipuas earum opes à Turcis peculiariter usurpatas continens, nimirum Lexicon Turkico-Arabico-Persicum, Vienna, column 3721
• Nişanyan, Sevan (2002–), “katran”, in Nişanyan Sözlük
• Redhouse, James W. (1890), “قطران”, in A Turkish and English Lexicon, Constantinople: A. H. Boyajian, page 1463

From Arabic قَطْرَان‎ (qaṭrān). Also Persian کتران‎ (katrân, “tar; (cedar) resin, pitch”).

قطران • (qatrân)

1. tar