مقدس
Arabic
Etymology 1
ِApparently an irregular noun of place from قَدُسَ (qadusa, “to be holy”), occurring chiefly in an Arabic name for the Temple in Jerusalem, بَيْت المَقْدِس (bayt al-maqdis, “The House of the Holy Place”), with the regular form being مَقْدَس (maqdas). Compare مَطْلَع (maṭlaʕ, “rising place”) and its irregular variant, مَطْلِع (maṭliʕ). Compare also the irregular مَنْكِب (mankib, “shoulder-joint”), a derivation that Sībawayh, however, suspected to be a name for this body part rather than a noun of place.
Compare with Aramaic מַקְדְּשָׁא (maqdəšā), Hebrew מִקְדָּשׁ (miqdāsh), Punic 𐤌𐤉𐤒𐤃𐤔 (myqdš).
Declension
Singular | basic singular triptote | ||
---|---|---|---|
Indefinite | Definite | Construct | |
Informal | مَقْدِس maqdis |
الْمَقْدِس al-maqdis |
مَقْدِس maqdis |
Nominative | مَقْدِسٌ maqdisun |
الْمَقْدِسُ al-maqdisu |
مَقْدِسُ maqdisu |
Accusative | مَقْدِسًا maqdisan |
الْمَقْدِسَ al-maqdisa |
مَقْدِسَ maqdisa |
Genitive | مَقْدِسٍ maqdisin |
الْمَقْدِسِ al-maqdisi |
مَقْدِسِ maqdisi |
Etymology 2
Derived from the passive participle of قَدَّسَ (qaddasa, “to sanctify, to make holy, to consecrate”), from the root ق د س (q-d-s).
Adjective
مُقَدَّس • (muqaddas) (feminine مُقَدَّسَة (muqaddasa), masculine plural مُقَدَّسُونَ (muqaddasūna), feminine plural مُقَدَّسَات (muqaddasāt))
Declension
Singular | Masculine | Feminine | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
basic singular triptote | singular triptote in ـَة (-a) | |||
Indefinite | Definite | Indefinite | Definite | |
Informal | مُقَدَّس muqaddas |
الْمُقَدَّس al-muqaddas |
مُقَدَّسَة muqaddasa |
الْمُقَدَّسَة al-muqaddasa |
Nominative | مُقَدَّسٌ muqaddasun |
الْمُقَدَّسُ al-muqaddasu |
مُقَدَّسَةٌ muqaddasatun |
الْمُقَدَّسَةُ al-muqaddasatu |
Accusative | مُقَدَّسًا muqaddasan |
الْمُقَدَّسَ al-muqaddasa |
مُقَدَّسَةً muqaddasatan |
الْمُقَدَّسَةَ al-muqaddasata |
Genitive | مُقَدَّسٍ muqaddasin |
الْمُقَدَّسِ al-muqaddasi |
مُقَدَّسَةٍ muqaddasatin |
الْمُقَدَّسَةِ al-muqaddasati |
Dual | Masculine | Feminine | ||
Indefinite | Definite | Indefinite | Definite | |
Informal | مُقَدَّسَيْن muqaddasayn |
الْمُقَدَّسَيْن al-muqaddasayn |
مُقَدَّسَتَيْن muqaddasatayn |
الْمُقَدَّسَتَيْن al-muqaddasatayn |
Nominative | مُقَدَّسَانِ muqaddasāni |
الْمُقَدَّسَانِ al-muqaddasāni |
مُقَدَّسَتَانِ muqaddasatāni |
الْمُقَدَّسَتَانِ al-muqaddasatāni |
Accusative | مُقَدَّسَيْنِ muqaddasayni |
الْمُقَدَّسَيْنِ al-muqaddasayni |
مُقَدَّسَتَيْنِ muqaddasatayni |
الْمُقَدَّسَتَيْنِ al-muqaddasatayni |
Genitive | مُقَدَّسَيْنِ muqaddasayni |
الْمُقَدَّسَيْنِ al-muqaddasayni |
مُقَدَّسَتَيْنِ muqaddasatayni |
الْمُقَدَّسَتَيْنِ al-muqaddasatayni |
Plural | Masculine | Feminine | ||
sound masculine plural | sound feminine plural | |||
Indefinite | Definite | Indefinite | Definite | |
Informal | مُقَدَّسِين muqaddasīn |
الْمُقَدَّسِين al-muqaddasīn |
مُقَدَّسَات muqaddasāt |
الْمُقَدَّسَات al-muqaddasāt |
Nominative | مُقَدَّسُونَ muqaddasūna |
الْمُقَدَّسُونَ al-muqaddasūna |
مُقَدَّسَاتٌ muqaddasātun |
الْمُقَدَّسَاتُ al-muqaddasātu |
Accusative | مُقَدَّسِينَ muqaddasīna |
الْمُقَدَّسِينَ al-muqaddasīna |
مُقَدَّسَاتٍ muqaddasātin |
الْمُقَدَّسَاتِ al-muqaddasāti |
Genitive | مُقَدَّسِينَ muqaddasīna |
الْمُقَدَّسِينَ al-muqaddasīna |
مُقَدَّسَاتٍ muqaddasātin |
الْمُقَدَّسَاتِ al-muqaddasāti |
Descendants
References
- Wehr, Hans (1979), “قدس”, in J. Milton Cowan, editor, A Dictionary of Modern Written Arabic, 4th edition, Ithaca, NY: Spoken Language Services, →ISBN
Azerbaijani
Chagatai
Ottoman Turkish
Descendants
- Turkish: mukaddes
Persian
Pronunciation
- (Classical Persian): IPA(key): /muqaddas/
- (Dari): IPA(key): /mʊqaddas/
- (Iranian Persian): IPA(key): /moɢæddæs/
- (Tajik): IPA(key): /muqaddas/
Urdu
Noun
مقدس • (muqaddas) m (plural مقدسین)
- (Christianity) saint (chiefly used by Urdu & Punjabi speaking Christians for their saints)
- مقدس یوحنا رسول۔
- muqaddas yuhanna rasul.
- Saint John the Apostle.
See also
- مقدسہ (muqaddasā)