कच्छप

See also: कच्छपी

Pali

Alternative forms

kacchapa (Latin script)
𑀓𑀘𑁆𑀙𑀧 (Brahmi script)
কচ্ছপ (Bengali script)
කච‍්ඡප (Sinhalese script)
ကစ္ဆပ (Burmese script)
กจฺฉป or กัจฉะปะ (Thai script)
ᨠᨧ᩠ᨨᨷ (Tai Tham script)
ກຈ຺ຉປ or ກັຈຉະປະ (Lao script)
កច្ឆប (Khmer script)
𑄇𑄌𑄴𑄍𑄛 (Chakma script)

Etymology

From Sanskrit कच्छप (kacchapa).

Noun

कच्छप m

tortoise, turtle

Derived terms

कच्छपी (kacchapī, “a lute”)

Sanskrit

Alternative scripts

ᬓᬘ᭄ᬙᬧ (Balinese script)
কচ্ছপ (Assamese script)
কচ্ছপ (Bengali script)
𑰎𑰓𑰿𑰔𑰢 (Bhaiksuki script)
𑀓𑀘𑁆𑀙𑀧 (Brahmi script)
𑌕𑌚𑍍𑌛𑌪 (Grantha script)
કચ્છપ (Gujarati script)
ਕਚੑਛਪ (Gurmukhi script)
ꦏꦕ꧀ꦖꦥ (Javanese script)
កច្ឆប (Khmer script)
ಕಚ್ಛಪ (Kannada script)
ກຈ຺ຉປ (Lao script)
കച്ഛപ (Malayalam script)
𑘎𑘓𑘿𑘔𑘢 (Modi script)
ᢉᠠᢋᠼᠠᢒᠠ (Mongolian script)
ᡬᠠᢜᡮᠠᢒᠠ (Manchu script)
ကစ္ဆပ (Burmese script)
𑦮𑦳𑧠𑦴𑧂 (Nandinagari script)
𑐎𑐔𑑂𑐕𑐥 (Newa script)
କଚ୍ଛପ (Oriya script)
ꢒꢗ꣄ꢘꢦ (Saurashtra script)
𑆑𑆖𑇀𑆗𑆥 (Sharada script)
𑖎𑖓𑖿𑖔𑖢 (Siddham script)
කච්ඡප (Sinhalese script)
కచ్ఛప (Telugu script)
กจฺฉป (Thai script)
ཀ་ཙྪ་པ (Tibetan script)
𑒏𑒔𑓂𑒕𑒣 (Tirhuta script)

Etymology

From earlier कश्यप (kaśyápa), from Proto-Indo-Iranian *kaćyápas. Cognate with Persian ‎ (kašaf, “tortoise”) and Khotanese khuysaa- (“tortoise, frog”).

Pronunciation

(Classical) IPA^(key): /ˈkɐt̪.t͡ɕʰɐ.pɐ/, [ˈkɐt̪̚.t͡ɕʰɐ.pɐ]

Noun

कच्छप • (kacchapa) m

tortoise, turtle

Declension

Masculine a-stem declension of कच्छप (kacchapa)
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	कच्छपः kacchapaḥ	कच्छपौ kacchapau	कच्छपाः / कच्छपासः¹ kacchapāḥ / kacchapāsaḥ¹
Vocative	कच्छप kacchapa	कच्छपौ kacchapau	कच्छपाः / कच्छपासः¹ kacchapāḥ / kacchapāsaḥ¹
Accusative	कच्छपम् kacchapam	कच्छपौ kacchapau	कच्छपान् kacchapān
Instrumental	कच्छपेन kacchapena	कच्छपाभ्याम् kacchapābhyām	कच्छपैः / कच्छपेभिः¹ kacchapaiḥ / kacchapebhiḥ¹
Dative	कच्छपाय kacchapāya	कच्छपाभ्याम् kacchapābhyām	कच्छपेभ्यः kacchapebhyaḥ
Ablative	कच्छपात् kacchapāt	कच्छपाभ्याम् kacchapābhyām	कच्छपेभ्यः kacchapebhyaḥ
Genitive	कच्छपस्य kacchapasya	कच्छपयोः kacchapayoḥ	कच्छपानाम् kacchapānām
Locative	कच्छपे kacchape	कच्छपयोः kacchapayoḥ	कच्छपेषु kacchapeṣu
Notes	¹Vedic

Descendants

Dardic:
- Kashmiri: کۆچُو‎ (kocuv)
Pali: kacchapa
- → Lao: ກັດສະປະ (kat sa pa)
- → Thai: กัจฉปะ (gàt-chà-bpà)
Prakrit: 𑀓𑀘𑁆𑀙𑀯 (kacchava), 𑀓𑀘𑁆𑀙𑀯𑀻 (kacchavī)
- Central:
  - Ardhamagadhi Prakrit:
    - Awadhi: कचुआ (kacuā)
  - Sauraseni Prakrit: 𑀓𑀘𑁆𑀙𑀯 (kacchava)
    - ⇒ Sauraseni Prakrit: *𑀓𑀘𑁆𑀙𑀯-𑀕 (*kacchava-ga)
      - Gurjar Apabhramsa:
        Old Gujarati:
        Gujarati: કાચબો (kācbo)
        
        Malvi: काछबो (kāchbo)
        
        Mewari: काछबो (kāchbo)
      - Sauraseni Apabhramsa:
        Hindustani: kachuā, kachwā, kachuī, kachwī
        Hindi: कछुआ, कछवा, कछुई, कछवी
        
        Urdu: کَچُھوا‎, کَچھْوَا‎, کَچھُءَا‎, کَچھْوَا‎
- Eastern:
  - Magadhi Prakrit: 𑀓𑀘𑁆𑀙𑀯 (kacchava)
    - Assamese: কাছ (kaso)
    - Bengali: কচ্ছপ (kocchop), কাছিম (kachim)
    - Bihari:
      - Bhojpuri: कचुआ (kacuā)
      - Maithili: काचु (kācʉ)
    - Oriya: କେଛୁ (kechu), କଇଛୋ (kôicho), କେଁଛୂ (kem̐chu), କଇଁଛ (kôim̐chô), କଇଁଚ (kôim̐cô), କଛିମ (kôchimô), କଚିମ (kôcimô)
- Northern:
  - Khasa Prakrit:
    - Nepali: कछुवा (kachuwā)
- Northwestern:
  - Paisaci Prakrit:
    - Takka Apabhramsa:
      - Punjabi: kacchū (“turtle”), kacchūkummā (“tortoise”)
        Gurmukhi script: ਕੱਛੂ, ਕੱਛੂਕੁੰਮਾ
        
        Shahmukhi script: کَچّھُو‎, کَچّھُوکُمَّہ‎
- Southern:
  - Maharastri Prakrit: 𑀓𑀘𑁆𑀙𑀯 (kacchava)
    - Konkani: kāsavu
      Devanagari script: कासवु
      
      Latin script: kasovu
      
      Kannada script: ಕಾಸವು
    - Marathi: कासव (kāsav), कांसव (kāusav)
Prakrit: 𑀓𑀘𑁆𑀙𑀪 (kacchabha), 𑀓𑀘𑁆𑀙𑀳 (kacchaha)
- Central:
  - Ardhamagadhi Prakrit: 𑀓𑀘𑁆𑀙𑀪 (kacchabha)
- Eastern:
  - Magadhi Prakrit:
    - Assamese: কাছ (kas)
- Southern:
  - Helu:
    - Dhivehi: ކަހަނބު‎ (kahaᵐbu)
    - Sinhalese: කැසුඹු (kæsuᵐbu), කැසුබු (kæsubu)
- Western:
  - Sauraseni Prakrit:
    - Gujarati: કાચબો (kācbo), કાચબી (kācbī)

Borrowed terms

→ Bengali: কচ্ছপ (kocchop)
→ Gujarati: કચ્છપ (kacchap)
→ Old Javanese:
- Javanese: ꦏꦕꦥ (kacapa)
→ Old Marathi: kachap
Devanagari script: कछप (kachapa)

Modi script: 𑘎𑘔𑘢 (kachapa)
→ Telugu: కచ్ఛపము (kacchapamu)

References

Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985), “kacchapa”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press

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