शम्

From Proto-Indo-European *ḱemh₂- (“to toil, to exert oneself”). Cognate with Ancient Greek κάμνω (kámnō, “to labour, to work hard”).

शम् • (śam)

1. to toil at, fatigue or exert one's self (especially in performing ritual acts)
2. to prepare, arrange
3. to become tired, finish, stop, come to an end, rest, be quiet, calm, satisfied or contented
4. to cease, be allayed or extinguished
5. to put an end to, hurt, injure, destroy
6. to appease, allay, alleviate, pacify, calm, soothe, settle
7. to kill, slay, destroy, remove, extinguish
8. to leave off, desist
9. to conquer, subdue
10. to be entirely appeased or extinguished

From an earlier *श्वम् (śvam), from Proto-Indo-Iranian *ćwamH-, from Proto-Indo-European *ḱewh₁- (“to swell, to be strong”). Compare श्वयति (śvayati), Avestan 𐬯𐬞𐬇𐬧‎ (spə̄ṇ, “beneficial”).

• (Vedic) IPA^(key): /ɕɐ́m/
• (Classical) IPA^(key): /ɕɐm/

शम् • (śám)

1. auspiciously, fortunately, happily, well

• शंकर (śaṃkara)
• शंतनु (śaṃtanu)
• शंभु (śaṃbhu)

• Monier Williams (1899), “शम्”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 1053.