ᚦᛡᛁᛡᛉ

Proto-Norse

Etymology

Not directly descended from Proto-Germanic *þôz, feminine nominative/accusative plural of *sa (“that”) (whence Gothic 𐌸𐍉𐍃 (þōs)). Rather, it appears to be a formation of the masculine nominative plural *þai, suffixed with the feminine ending *-ōz.[1] Compare ᚦᚱᛁᛃᛟᛉ (þrijoʀ), formed in the same way.

Pronoun

ᚦᛡᛁᛡᛉ (þᴀiᴀʀ /þaiaʀ/) (Transitional Period)

  1. they, these (feminine nominative/accusative plural)
    • 600s, inscription on the Istaby Runestone
      ᛡᚠᚨᛏᛉᚺᛡᚱᛁᚹᚢᛚᚨᚠᚨ ¶ ᚺᛡᚦᚢᚹᚢᛚᚨᚠᛉᚺᛡᛖᚱᚢᚹᚢᛚᚨᚠᛁᛉ ¶ ᚹᚨᚱᛡᛁᛏᚱᚢᚾᛡᛉᚦᛡᛁᛡᛉ
      AfatzhAriwulafa ¶ hAþuwulafzhAeruwulafiz ¶ warAitrunAzþAiAz
      afᵃtr Hariwulᵃfa, Haþuwulᵃfʀ Hjeruwulᵃfīʀ, wᵃrait rūnaʀ þaiaʀ
      In memory of Hariwulfʀ, Haþuwulfʀ, the descendant of Heruwulfʀ, wrote these runes.

Descendants
  • Old Norse: þær
    • Icelandic: þær
    • Faroese: tær
    • Old Swedish: þār, þā

References
  1. Elmer H., Antonsen (1975) A Concise Grammar of the Older Runic Inscriptions, Tübingen: Max Niemeyer Verlag, →ISBN, page 84
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