ἀρά

See also: άρα, -άρα, ἄρα, ἆρα, and Appendix:Variations of "ara"

Ancient Greek

Alternative forms

ἀ̄ρή (ārḗ) – Ionic

Etymology

Arcadocypriot Greek καταρϝος (katarwos, “cursed”) suggests a preform Proto-Hellenic *arwā, which makes Attic -ᾱ hard to explain; -η would be expected after *w. Not cognate with Latin āra (“altar”). Possibly related to Hittite [Term?] (/aruwae-/, “to bow”).

Pronunciation

(5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /aː.rǎː/
(1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /aˈra/
(4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /aˈra/
(10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /aˈra/
(15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /aˈra/

Noun

ἀ̄ρά̄ • (ārá̄) f (genitive ἀ̄ρά̄ς); first declension

prayer, invocation
- 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 15.378
  
  Ὣς ἔφατ’ εὐχόμενος, μέγα δ’ ἔκτυπε μητίετα Ζεύς, ἀράων ἀΐων Νηληϊάδαο γέροντος.
  Hṑs éphat’ eukhómenos, méga d’ éktupe mētíeta Zeús, aráōn aḯōn Nēlēïádao gérontos.
  (please add an English translation of this quote)

Declension

First declension of ἡ ἀ̄ρᾱ́; τῆς ἀ̄ρᾶς (Attic)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	ἡ ἀ̄ρᾱ́ hē ārā́	τὼ ἀ̄ρᾱ́ tṑ ārā́	αἱ ἀ̄ραί hai āraí
Genitive	τῆς ἀ̄ρᾶς tês ārâs	τοῖν ἀ̄ραῖν toîn āraîn	τῶν ἀ̄ρῶν tôn ārôn
Dative	τῇ ἀ̄ρᾷ têi ārâi	τοῖν ἀ̄ραῖν toîn āraîn	ταῖς ἀ̄ραῖς taîs āraîs
Accusative	τὴν ἀ̄ρᾱ́ν tḕn ārā́n	τὼ ἀ̄ρᾱ́ tṑ ārā́	τᾱ̀ς ἀ̄ρᾱ́ς tā̀s ārā́s
Vocative	ἀ̄ρᾱ́ ārā́	ἀ̄ρᾱ́ ārā́	ἀ̄ραί āraí
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

ἀρά