ἐρύκω

Ancient Greek

Etymology

Possibly an extension of ἐρύω (erúō, “to draw, drag, pull”).

Pronunciation
 

Verb

ἐρῡ́κω • (erū́kō)

  1. (chiefly poetic) to restrain, control, curb, keep in check

Conjugation
   Present: ἐρῡ́κω, ἐρῡ́κομαι
number singular dual plural
first second third second third first second third
active indicative ἐρῡ́κω ἐρῡ́κεις ἐρῡ́κει ἐρῡ́κετον ἐρῡ́κετον ἐρῡ́κομεν ἐρῡ́κετε ἐρῡ́κουσῐ(ν)
subjunctive ἐρῡ́κω ἐρῡ́κῃς ἐρῡ́κῃ ἐρῡ́κητον ἐρῡ́κητον ἐρῡ́κωμεν ἐρῡ́κητε ἐρῡ́κωσῐ(ν)
optative ἐρῡ́κοιμῐ ἐρῡ́κοις ἐρῡ́κοι ἐρῡ́κοιτον ἐρῡκοίτην ἐρῡ́κοιμεν ἐρῡ́κοιτε ἐρῡ́κοιεν
imperative   ἔρῡκε ἐρῡκέτω ἐρῡ́κετον ἐρῡκέτων   ἐρῡ́κετε ἐρῡκόντων
middle/
passive		 indicative ἐρῡ́κομαι ἐρῡ́κῃ,
ἐρῡ́κει		 ἐρῡ́κεται ἐρῡ́κεσθον ἐρῡ́κεσθον ἐρῡκόμεθᾰ ἐρῡ́κεσθε ἐρῡ́κονται
subjunctive ἐρῡ́κωμαι ἐρῡ́κῃ ἐρῡ́κηται ἐρῡ́κησθον ἐρῡ́κησθον ἐρῡκώμεθᾰ ἐρῡ́κησθε ἐρῡ́κωνται
optative ἐρῡκοίμην ἐρῡ́κοιο ἐρῡ́κοιτο ἐρῡ́κοισθον ἐρῡκοίσθην ἐρῡκοίμεθᾰ ἐρῡ́κοισθε ἐρῡ́κοιντο
imperative   ἐρῡ́κου ἐρῡκέσθω ἐρῡ́κεσθον ἐρῡκέσθων   ἐρῡ́κεσθε ἐρῡκέσθων
active middle/passive
infinitive ἐρῡ́κειν ἐρῡ́κεσθαι
participle m ἐρῡ́κων ἐρῡκόμενος
f ἐρῡ́κουσᾰ ἐρῡκομένη
n ἐρῦκον ἐρῡκόμενον
Notes:
This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
   Imperfect: ἔρῡκον, ἐρῡκόμην (Epic)
number singular dual plural
first second third second third first second third
active indicative ἔρῡκον ἔρῡκες ἔρῡκε(ν) ἐρῡ́κετον ἐρῡκέτην ἐρῡ́κομεν ἐρῡ́κετε ἔρῡκον
middle/
passive		 indicative ἐρῡκόμην ἐρῡ́κου ἐρῡ́κετο ἐρῡ́κεσθον ἐρῡκέσθην ἐρῡκόμε(σ)θᾰ ἐρῡ́κεσθε ἐρῡ́κοντο
Notes:
Dialects other than Attic are not well attested. Some forms are based on conjecture. Use with caution. For more details, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
   Future: ἐρῡ́ξω, ἐρῡ́ξομαι
number singular dual plural
first second third second third first second third
active indicative ἐρῡ́ξω ἐρῡ́ξεις ἐρῡ́ξει ἐρῡ́ξετον ἐρῡ́ξετον ἐρῡ́ξομεν ἐρῡ́ξετε ἐρῡ́ξουσῐ(ν)
optative ἐρῡ́ξοιμῐ ἐρῡ́ξοις ἐρῡ́ξοι ἐρῡ́ξοιτον ἐρῡξοίτην ἐρῡ́ξοιμεν ἐρῡ́ξοιτε ἐρῡ́ξοιεν
middle indicative ἐρῡ́ξομαι ἐρῡ́ξῃ,
ἐρῡ́ξει		 ἐρῡ́ξεται ἐρῡ́ξεσθον ἐρῡ́ξεσθον ἐρῡξόμεθᾰ ἐρῡ́ξεσθε ἐρῡ́ξονται
optative ἐρῡξοίμην ἐρῡ́ξοιο ἐρῡ́ξοιτο ἐρῡ́ξοισθον ἐρῡξοίσθην ἐρῡξοίμεθᾰ ἐρῡ́ξοισθε ἐρῡ́ξοιντο
active middle
infinitive ἐρῡ́ξειν ἐρῡ́ξεσθαι
participle m ἐρῡ́ξων ἐρῡξόμενος
f ἐρῡ́ξουσᾰ ἐρῡξομένη
n ἐρῦξον ἐρῡξόμενον
Notes:
This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
   Aorist: ἔρῡξᾰ, ἐρῡξᾰ́μην
number singular dual plural
first second third second third first second third
active indicative ἔρῡξᾰ ἔρῡξᾰς ἔρῡξε(ν) ἐρῡ́ξᾰτον ἐρῡξᾰ́την ἐρῡ́ξᾰμεν ἐρῡ́ξᾰτε ἔρῡξᾰν
subjunctive ἐρῡ́ξω ἐρῡ́ξῃς ἐρῡ́ξῃ ἐρῡ́ξητον ἐρῡ́ξητον ἐρῡ́ξωμεν ἐρῡ́ξητε ἐρῡ́ξωσῐ(ν)
optative ἐρῡ́ξαιμῐ ἐρῡ́ξειᾰς,
ἐρῡ́ξαις		 ἐρῡ́ξειε(ν),
ἐρῡ́ξαι		 ἐρῡ́ξαιτον ἐρῡξαίτην ἐρῡ́ξαιμεν ἐρῡ́ξαιτε ἐρῡ́ξειᾰν,
ἐρῡ́ξαιεν
imperative   ἔρῡξον ἐρῡξᾰ́τω ἐρῡ́ξᾰτον ἐρῡξᾰ́των   ἐρῡ́ξᾰτε ἐρῡξᾰ́ντων
middle indicative ἐρῡξᾰ́μην ἐρῡ́ξω ἐρῡ́ξᾰτο ἐρῡ́ξᾰσθον ἐρῡξᾰ́σθην ἐρῡξᾰ́μεθᾰ ἐρῡ́ξᾰσθε ἐρῡ́ξᾰντο
subjunctive ἐρῡ́ξωμαι ἐρῡ́ξῃ ἐρῡ́ξηται ἐρῡ́ξησθον ἐρῡ́ξησθον ἐρῡξώμεθᾰ ἐρῡ́ξησθε ἐρῡ́ξωνται
optative ἐρῡξαίμην ἐρῡ́ξαιο ἐρῡ́ξαιτο ἐρῡ́ξαισθον ἐρῡξαίσθην ἐρῡξαίμεθᾰ ἐρῡ́ξαισθε ἐρῡ́ξαιντο
imperative   ἔρῡξαι ἐρῡξᾰ́σθω ἐρῡ́ξᾰσθον ἐρῡξᾰ́σθων   ἐρῡ́ξᾰσθε ἐρῡξᾰ́σθων
active middle
infinitive ἐρῦξαι ἐρῡ́ξᾰσθαι
participle m ἐρῡ́ξᾱς ἐρῡξᾰ́μενος
f ἐρῡ́ξᾱσᾰ ἐρῡξᾰμένη
n ἐρῦξᾰν ἐρῡξᾰ́μενον
Notes:
This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
   Aorist: ἠρῡ́κᾰκον, ἠρῡκᾰκόμην
number singular dual plural
first second third second third first second third
active indicative ἠρῡ́κᾰκον ἠρῡ́κᾰκες ἠρῡ́κᾰκε(ν) ἠρῡκᾰ́κετον ἠρῡκᾰκέτην ἠρῡκᾰ́κομεν ἠρῡκᾰ́κετε ἠρῡ́κᾰκον
subjunctive ἐρῡκᾰ́κω ἐρῡκᾰ́κῃς ἐρῡκᾰ́κῃ ἐρῡκᾰ́κητον ἐρῡκᾰ́κητον ἐρῡκᾰ́κωμεν ἐρῡκᾰ́κητε ἐρῡκᾰ́κωσῐ(ν)
optative ἐρῡκᾰ́κοιμῐ ἐρῡκᾰ́κοις ἐρῡκᾰ́κοι ἐρῡκᾰ́κοιτον ἐρῡκᾰκοίτην ἐρῡκᾰ́κοιμεν ἐρῡκᾰ́κοιτε ἐρῡκᾰ́κοιεν
imperative   ἐρῡ́κᾰκε ἐρῡκᾰκέτω ἐρῡκᾰ́κετον ἐρῡκᾰκέτων   ἐρῡκᾰ́κετε ἐρῡκᾰκόντων
middle indicative ἠρῡκᾰκόμην ἠρῡκᾰ́κου ἠρῡκᾰ́κετο ἠρῡκᾰ́κεσθον ἠρῡκᾰκέσθην ἠρῡκᾰκόμεθᾰ ἠρῡκᾰ́κεσθε ἠρῡκᾰ́κοντο
subjunctive ἐρῡκᾰ́κωμαι ἐρῡκᾰ́κῃ ἐρῡκᾰ́κηται ἐρῡκᾰ́κησθον ἐρῡκᾰ́κησθον ἐρῡκᾰκώμεθᾰ ἐρῡκᾰ́κησθε ἐρῡκᾰ́κωνται
optative ἐρῡκᾰκοίμην ἐρῡκᾰ́κοιο ἐρῡκᾰ́κοιτο ἐρῡκᾰ́κοισθον ἐρῡκᾰκοίσθην ἐρῡκᾰκοίμεθᾰ ἐρῡκᾰ́κοισθε ἐρῡκᾰ́κοιντο
imperative   ἐρῡκᾰκοῦ ἐρῡκᾰκέσθω ἐρῡκᾰ́κεσθον ἐρῡκᾰκέσθων   ἐρῡκᾰ́κεσθε ἐρῡκᾰκέσθων
active middle
infinitive ἐρῡκᾰκεῖν ἐρῡκᾰκέσθαι
participle m ἐρῡκᾰκών ἐρῡκᾰκόμενος
f ἐρῡκᾰκοῦσᾰ ἐρῡκᾰκομένη
n ἐρῡκᾰκόν ἐρῡκᾰκόμενον
Notes:
This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
   Aorist: ἐρῡ́κᾰκον, ἐρῡκᾰκόμην (Epic)
number singular dual plural
first second third second third first second third
active indicative ἐρῡ́κᾰκον ἐρῡ́κᾰκες ἐρῡ́κᾰκε(ν) ἐρῡκᾰ́κετον ἐρῡκᾰκέτην ἐρῡκᾰ́κομεν ἐρῡκᾰ́κετε ἐρῡ́κᾰκον
subjunctive ἐρῡκᾰ́κω,
ἐρῡκᾰ́κωμῐ		 ἐρῡκᾰ́κῃς,
ἐρῡκᾰ́κῃσθᾰ		 ἐρῡκᾰ́κῃ,
ἐρῡκᾰ́κῃσῐ		 ἐρῡκᾰ́κητον ἐρῡκᾰ́κητον ἐρῡκᾰ́κωμεν ἐρῡκᾰ́κητε ἐρῡκᾰ́κωσῐ(ν)
optative ἐρῡκᾰ́κοιμῐ ἐρῡκᾰ́κοις/ἐρῡκᾰ́κοισθᾰ ἐρῡκᾰ́κοι ἐρῡκᾰκεῖτον ἐρῡκᾰκείτην ἐρῡκᾰκεῖμεν ἐρῡκᾰκεῖτε ἐρῡκᾰκεῖεν
imperative   ἐρῡ́κᾰκε ἐρῡκᾰκέτω ἐρῡκᾰ́κετον ἐρῡκᾰκέτων   ἐρῡκᾰ́κετε ἐρῡκᾰκόντων
middle indicative ἐρῡκᾰκόμην ἐρῡκᾰ́κεο ἐρῡκᾰ́κετο ἐρῡκᾰ́κεσθον ἐρῡκᾰκέσθην ἐρῡκᾰκόμε(σ)θᾰ ἐρῡκᾰ́κεσθε ἐρῡκᾰ́κοντο
subjunctive ἐρῡκᾰ́κωμαι,
ἐρῡκᾰκώμαιμῐ		 ἐρῡκᾰ́κηαι,
ἐρῡκᾰ́κηαι		 ἐρῡκᾰ́κηται,
ἐρῡκᾰκήταισῐ		 ἐρῡκᾰ́κησθον ἐρῡκᾰ́κησθον ἐρῡκᾰκώμε(σ)θᾰ ἐρῡκᾰ́κησθε ἐρῡκᾰ́κωνται
optative ἐρῡκᾰκοίμην ἐρῡκᾰ́κοιο ἐρῡκᾰ́κοιτο ἐρῡκᾰ́κοισθον ἐρῡκᾰκοίσθην ἐρῡκᾰκοίμε(σ)θᾰ ἐρῡκᾰ́κοισθε ἐρῡκᾰκοίᾰτο
imperative   ἐρῡκᾰ́κεο ἐρῡκᾰκέσθω ἐρῡκᾰ́κεσθον ἐρῡκᾰκέσθων   ἐρῡκᾰ́κεσθε ἐρῡκᾰκέσθων
active middle
infinitive ἐρῡκᾰκέειν/ἐρῡκᾰκέμεν(αι) ἐρῡκᾰκέσθαι
participle m ἐρῡκᾰκών ἐρῡκᾰκόμενος
f ἐρῡκᾰκοῦσᾰ ἐρῡκᾰκομένη
n ἐρῡκᾰκόν ἐρῡκᾰκόμενον
Notes:
Dialects other than Attic are not well attested. Some forms are based on conjecture. Use with caution. For more details, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.

Derived terms
  • ἀνταπερύκω (antaperúkō)
  • ἀπερύκω (aperúkō)
  • διερύκω (dierúkō)
  • ἐξερύκω (exerúkō)
  • ἐρυκανάω (erukanáō)
  • κατερυκτικός (kateruktikós)
  • κατερύκω (katerúkō)

Further reading
  • “ἐρύκω”, in Autenrieth, Georg (1891) A Homeric Dictionary for Schools and Colleges, New York: Harper and Brothers
  • ἐρύκω in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
  • ἐρύκω in Cunliffe, Richard J. (1924) A Lexicon of the Homeric Dialect: Expanded Edition, Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, published 1963
  • “ἐρύκω”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
  • “ἐρύκω”, in Slater, William J. (1969) Lexicon to Pindar, Berlin: Walter de Gruyter
  • Woodhouse, S. C. (1910) English–Greek Dictionary: A Vocabulary of the Attic Language‎, London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Limited.
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