アルコール

Japanese

Alternative spelling
酒精 (obsolete)

Etymology

/arukohoru/ → /arukoːru/

Borrowed from Dutch alcohol,[1][2][3][4][5] initially borrowed and pronounced as アルコホル (arukohoru) with evidence of a phonetic kanji spelling as 亜(あ)爾(る)箇(こ)保(ほ)児(る) (arukohoru).[6] The medial /h/ appears to have fallen out due to historical kana orthography-induced spelling pronunciation (ho→wo→o), in the manner of the evolution of 凍(こほ)る (kōru). Compare French alcool, Italian alcol, Portuguese álcool, where Romance languages also lost the medial /h/.

Pronunciation

(Tokyo) アルコール [àrúkóórú] (Heiban – [0])[3][4][5]
IPA^(key): [a̠ɾɯ̟ᵝko̞ːɾɯ̟ᵝ]

Noun

アルコール • (arukōru)

(organic chemistry) an alcohol
Synonym: 酒精 (shusei)
alcohol (intoxicating beverage)
Synonym: 酒 (sake)
- 1996 February 20 [Feb 15 1988], Adachi, Mitsuru, “テイク・オフ [Take Off]”, in SHORT(ショート) PROGRAM(プログラム) [Short Program], volume 1 (fiction), 25th edition, Tokyo: Shogakukan, →ISBN, page 104:
  
  ビール飲(の)むか？
  Bīru nomu ka?
  Want some beer?
  いや、アルコールはダメなんだ。
  Iya, arukōru wa dame na n da.
  No, I can’t really drink alcohol.

Derived terms

消(しょう)毒(どく)用(よう)アルコール (shōdokuyō arukōru, “rubbing alcohol”, literally “disinfecting-use alcohol”)

Descendants

→ Pohnpeian: ahrkohl

References

1988, 国語大辞典（新装版） (Kokugo Dai Jiten, Revised Edition) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan
1995, 大辞泉 (Daijisen) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN
2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
1998, NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 (NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK, →ISBN
1997, 新明解国語辞典 (Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten), Fifth Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
2003, Dokkyo University, Chika Tonegawa, Zeitlicher Hintergrund von japanischen Fremdwörtern, Edo-Zeit (“Chronological Background of Japanese Loanwords, Edo Period”, in German and Japanese, accessed 2018-11-06)

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[1] 1988, 国語大辞典（新装版） (Kokugo Dai Jiten, Revised Edition) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan

[2] 1995, 大辞泉 (Daijisen) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN

[DJR-3] 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN

[NHK-4] 1998, NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 (NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK, →ISBN

[SMK5-5] 1997, 新明解国語辞典 (Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten), Fifth Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN

[6] 2003, Dokkyo University, Chika Tonegawa, Zeitlicher Hintergrund von japanischen Fremdwörtern, Edo-Zeit (“Chronological Background of Japanese Loanwords, Edo Period”, in German and Japanese, accessed 2018-11-06)