人質

See also: 人质

Chinese

		man; person; people	hostage; substance; nature hostage; substance; nature; quality
trad. (人質)		人	質
simp. (人质)		人	质

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): rénzhì, rénzhí

(Zhuyin): ㄖㄣˊ ㄓˋ, ㄖㄣˊ ㄓˊ
Cantonese (Jyutping): jan⁴ zi³
Hakka (Sixian, PFS): ngìn-chṳt
Min Nan (POJ): jîn-chit / lîn-chit / jîn-chì / lîn-chì

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese, Mainland)
  - Hanyu Pinyin: rénzhì
  - Zhuyin: ㄖㄣˊ ㄓˋ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: rénjhìh
  - Wade–Giles: jên²-chih⁴
  - Yale: rén-jr̀
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: renjyh
  - Palladius: жэньчжи (žɛnʹčži)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ʐən³⁵ ʈ͡ʂʐ̩⁵¹/
  - Homophones:
    [Show/Hide]
    ^edit
    ^edit
    人治
    人質／人质
- (Standard Chinese, Taiwan)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: rénzhí
  - Zhuyin: ㄖㄣˊ ㄓˊ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: rénjhíh
  - Wade–Giles: jên²-chih²
  - Yale: rén-jŕ
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: renjyr
  - Palladius: жэньчжи (žɛnʹčži)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ʐən³⁵ ʈ͡ʂʐ̩³⁵/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: jan⁴ zi³
  - Yale: yàhn ji
  - Cantonese Pinyin: jan⁴ dzi³
  - Guangdong Romanization: yen⁴ ji³
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /jɐn²¹ t͡siː³³/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: ngìn-chṳt
  - Hakka Romanization System: nginˇ ziid`
  - Hagfa Pinyim: ngin² zid⁵
  - Sinological IPA: /ɲin¹¹ t͡sɨt̚²/
Min Nan
- (Hokkien: Kaohsiung)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: jîn-chit
  - Tâi-lô: jîn-tsit
  - Phofsit Daibuun: jincid
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /ʑin²³⁻³³ t͡ɕit̚³²/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Taipei)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: lîn-chit
  - Tâi-lô: lîn-tsit
  - Phofsit Daibuun: lincid
  - IPA (Xiamen): /lin²⁴⁻²² t͡ɕit̚³²/
  - IPA (Taipei): /lin²⁴⁻¹¹ t͡ɕit̚³²/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /lin²⁴⁻²² t͡ɕit̚⁵/
- (Hokkien: Zhangzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: jîn-chì
  - Tâi-lô: jîn-tsì
  - Phofsit Daibuun: jincix
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /d͡ʑin¹³⁻²² t͡ɕi²¹/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: lîn-chì
  - Tâi-lô: lîn-tsì
  - Phofsit Daibuun: lincix
  - IPA (Xiamen): /lin²⁴⁻²² t͡ɕi²¹/

Noun

人質

hostage
營救人質／营救人质 ― yíngjiù rénzhì ― to rescue hostages

Japanese

Kanji in this term
人	質
ひと Grade: 1	しち > じち Grade: 5
yutōyomi

Etymology

Compound of 人 (hito, “person”) +‎ 質 (shichi, “pawn, hock”).[1] The shichi changes to jichi as an instance of rendaku (連濁).

The original sense was “indentureship”, from the sense of a person being as if in pawn until a debt is paid. The “hostage” sense then arose by extension, from the person being in pawn until a ransom is paid or some other condition is met.

Pronunciation

Yutōyomi

(Tokyo) ひとじち [hìtójíchí] (Heiban – [0])[2]
IPA^(key): [çi̥to̞ʑit͡ɕi]

Noun

人(ひと)質(じち) • (hitojichi)

a hostage
人(ひと)質(じち)事(じ)件(けん)
hitojichi jiken
a hostage situation
- 2013 September 9, Sorachi, Hideaki, “第(だい)四(よん)百(ひゃく)五(ご)十(じゅう)一(いち)訓(くん)　人(にん)間(げん)五(ご)十(じゅう)年(ねん)下(げ)天(てん)のうちをくらぶれば　夢(ゆめ) モヒカンの如(ごと)くなり [Lesson 451: Man’s Fifty Years of Life Are Nothing Compared to All Things under the Sky. Nothing But a Dream, a Mohawk.]”, in 銀(ぎん)魂(たま) [Silver Soul], volume 51 (fiction), Tokyo: Shueisha, →ISBN:
  
  落(お)ちつけ　斬(き)り込(こ)みなんてそう簡(かん)単(たん)にできるワケねーだろ　アンタらには俺(おれ)達(たち)人(ひと)質(じち)がついてんだぜ
  Ochitsuke kirikomi nan te sō kantan ni dekiru wake nē daro Anta-ra ni wa ore-tachi hitojichi ga tsuite n da ze
  Chill out, they can’t just barge in here and hurt everyone. You guys still have us as hostages.
(archaic, original sense) indentureship, the state of being in servitude to another as collateral on or payment of a debt

References

1988, 国語大辞典（新装版） (Kokugo Dai Jiten, Revised Edition) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan
2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN

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[KDJ-1] 1988, 国語大辞典（新装版） (Kokugo Dai Jiten, Revised Edition) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan

[DJR-2] 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN