外来語

See also: 外來語 and 外来语

Japanese
Kanji in this term
外 来 語
がい
Grade: 2		 らい
Grade: 2		 ご
Grade: 2
kan’on on’yomi goon
Alternative spelling
外來語 (kyūjitai)

Etymology

Compound of 外来 (gairai, “foreign”) +‎ 語 (-go, “morpheme; word; expression”).[1] First used by Ueda Kazutoshi in 1895,[1] likely as a calque of German Fremdwort.[2]

Pronunciation
  • (Tokyo) がいらいご [gàíráígó] (Heiban – [0])[3]
  • IPA(key): [ɡa̠iɾa̠iɡo̞]

Noun

外(がい)来(らい)語(ご) • (gairaigo) ←ぐわいらいご (gwairaigo)?

  1. [1895] (linguistics) a "recent"[2] loanword, a Japanese word that has been borrowed since the modernization of Japan during the Meiji era from a modern foreign language, especially a European one; compare 借用語 (shakuyōgo)
    「ググる」とは外来語(がいらいご)だ。
    “Guguru” to wa gairaigo da.
    "To google" is a recent loanword.

References
  1. “外来語”, in 日本国語大辞典 (Nihon Kokugo Daijiten, “Nihon Kokugo Daijiten”)‎ (in Japanese), 2nd edition, Tōkyō: Shogakukan, 2000, →ISBN
  2. Frellesvig, Bjarke (2010) A History of the Japanese Language, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, →ISBN
  3. 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
  • 2002, Yasuo Kitahara, 明鏡国語辞典 (Meikyō Kokugo Jiten), First Edition (in Japanese), Tokyo: Taishūkan Shoten, →ISBN
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