大乘

Chinese

	big; great; huge big; great; huge; large; major; wide; deep; oldest; eldest; doctor	ride; mount; make use of ride; mount; make use of; take advantage of; multiply; to avail of; to ride
trad. (大乘)	大	乘
simp. ^#(大乘)	大	乘
Literally: “great vehicle”.

Etymology

Calque of Sanskrit महायान (mahāyāna).

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): Dàchéng, Dàshèng

(Zhuyin): ㄉㄚˋ ㄔㄥˊ, ㄉㄚˋ ㄕㄥˋ
Cantonese (Jyutping): daai⁶ sing⁶
Min Nan (POJ): Tāi-sêng

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese, standard in Mainland)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: Dàchéng
  - Zhuyin: ㄉㄚˋ ㄔㄥˊ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: Dàchéng
  - Wade–Giles: Ta⁴-chʻêng²
  - Yale: Dà-chéng
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: Dahcherng
  - Palladius: Дачэн (Dačɛn)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /tä⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂʰɤŋ³⁵/
- (Standard Chinese, standard in Taiwan; variant in Mainland)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: Dàshèng
  - Zhuyin: ㄉㄚˋ ㄕㄥˋ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: Dàshèng
  - Wade–Giles: Ta⁴-shêng⁴
  - Yale: Dà-shèng
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: Dahshenq
  - Palladius: Дашэн (Dašɛn)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /tä⁵¹⁻⁵³ ʂɤŋ⁵¹/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: daai⁶ sing⁶
  - Yale: daaih sihng
  - Cantonese Pinyin: daai⁶ sing⁶
  - Guangdong Romanization: dai⁶ xing⁶
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /taːi̯²² sɪŋ²²/
Min Nan
- (Hokkien)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: Tāi-sêng
  - Tâi-lô: Tāi-sîng
  - Phofsit Daibuun: daixseeng
  - IPA (Xiamen): /tai²²⁻²¹ ɕiɪŋ²⁴/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /tai⁴¹⁻²² ɕiɪŋ²⁴/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /tai²²⁻²¹ ɕiɪŋ¹³/
  - IPA (Taipei): /tai³³⁻¹¹ ɕiɪŋ²⁴/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /tai³³⁻²¹ ɕiɪŋ²³/

Middle Chinese: /dɑi^H|dɑ^H ʑɨŋ^H/

Rime
Character	大	大	乘
Reading #	1/2	2/2	2/2
Initial (聲)	定 (7)	定 (7)	船 (27)
Final (韻)	泰 (25)	歌 (94)	蒸 (133)
Tone (調)	Departing (H)	Departing (H)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open	Open
Division (等)	I	I	III
Fanqie	徒蓋切	唐佐切	實證切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/dɑi^H/	/dɑ^H/	/ʑɨŋ^H/
Pan Wuyun	/dɑi^H/	/dɑ^H/	/ʑɨŋ^H/
Shao Rongfen	/dɑi^H/	/dɑ^H/	/ʑieŋ^H/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/daj^H/	/da^H/	/ʑiŋ^H/
Li Rong	/dɑi^H/	/dɑ^H/	/d͡ʑiəŋ^H/
Wang Li	/dɑi^H/	/dɑ^H/	/d͡ʑĭəŋ^H/
Bernard Karlgren	/dʱɑi^H/	/dʱɑ^H/	/d͡ʑʰi̯əŋ^H/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	dài	duò	shèng
Expected Cantonese Reflex	daai⁶	do⁶	sing⁶

Noun

大乘

(Buddhism) Mahayana

Synonyms

北傳／北传 (běichuán)

Coordinate terms

小乘 (xiǎochéng, “Hinayana”)

Derived terms

大乘佛教 (Dàchéng Fójiào)

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (大乘):

→ Japanese: 大(だい)乗(じょう) (daijō)
→ Korean: 대승(大乘) (daeseung)
→ Vietnamese: Đại thừa (大乘)

References

Ding, Fubao (丁福保) (1922), “大乘” in 佛學大辭典 [A Dictionary of Chinese Buddhist Terms].

Japanese

For pronunciation and definitions of 大乘 – see the following entry.

【大乗だいじょう】

[noun] Mahayana; the great vehicle

(This term, 大乘, is an alternative spelling of the above term.)

Korean

Hanja in this term
大	乘

Noun

大乘 • (daeseung) (hangeul 대승)

Hanja form^? of 대승 (“(Buddhism) Mahayana; the great vehicle”).

Vietnamese

Hán tự in this term
大	乘

Noun

大乘

chữ Hán form of Đại thừa (“(Buddhism) Mahayana; the great vehicle”).

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大乘

Chinese

Etymology

Pronunciation

Noun

Synonyms

Coordinate terms

Derived terms

Descendants

See also

References

Further reading

Japanese

Korean

Noun

Vietnamese

Noun