明るい

Japanese

Kanji in this term
あか
Grade: 2

Etymology

Appears to be a compound of Classical Japanese 明る (akaru, to brighten) + (shi, adjectival suffix). This adjectival suffix forms a classical ク活用 (ku-katsuyō, ku-adjective).

First attested in 1689.[1]

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): [a̠ka̠ɾɯ̟ᵝi]
  • Tokyo pitch accent of inflected forms of "明るい"
Source: Online Japanese Accent Dictionary
Stem forms
Continuative (連用形) 明るく かるく [àkárúkú]
Terminal (終止形) 明るい かるい
かる
[àkárúí]
[àkárúꜜì]
Attributive (連体形) 明るい かるい [àkárúí]
Key constructions
Informal negative 明るくない かるくな [àkárúkúnáꜜì]
Informal past 明るかった かるかった [àkárúꜜkàttà]
Informal negative past 明るくなかった かるくなかった [àkárúkúnáꜜkàttà]
Formal 明るいです かるいです [àkárúꜜìdèsù]
Conjunctive 明るくて かるくて [àkárúꜜkùtè]
Conditional 明るければ かるければ [àkárúꜜkèrèbà]

Adjective

(あか)るい (akarui) -i (adverbial (あか)るく (akaruku))

  1. bright, light, luminous
    (あか)るい日差(ひざ)しがあたりを()らしていた。
    Akarui hizashi ga atari o terashite ita.
    The bright sunshine illuminated the area.
  2. merry, cheerful
    (でん)()()こうから(あか)るい(こえ)(かえ)ってきた。
    Denwa no mukō kara akarui koe ga kaette kita.
    A cheerful voice answered the phone.

Inflection

Alternative forms

Synonyms

Antonyms

References

  1. ”, in 日本国語大辞典 (Nihon Kokugo Daijiten, Nihon Kokugo Daijiten) (in Japanese), 2nd edition, Tōkyō: Shogakukan, 2000, →ISBN
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