民國

Chinese

	the people; nationality; citizen	country; state; nation
trad. (民國)	民	國
simp. (民国)	民	国
anagram	國民／国民

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Standard)
(Pinyin): mínguó

(Zhuyin): ㄇㄧㄣˊ ㄍㄨㄛˊ

(Chengdu, SP): min² gue²

(Dungan, Cyrillic and Wiktionary): мингуй (minguy, I-II)
Cantonese (Jyutping): man⁴ gwok³
Gan (Wiktionary): min⁴ guet⁶
Hakka (Sixian, PFS): mìn-koet
Jin (Wiktionary): ming¹ gueh⁶
Min Dong (BUC): mìng-guók
Min Nan
(Hokkien, POJ): bîn-kok

(Teochew, Peng'im): ming⁵ gog⁴
Wu (Wiktionary): ³min-koq
Xiang (Wiktionary): min² gue⁶

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: mínguó
  - Zhuyin: ㄇㄧㄣˊ ㄍㄨㄛˊ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: mínguó
  - Wade–Giles: min²-kuo²
  - Yale: mín-gwó
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: mingwo
  - Palladius: миньго (minʹgo)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /min³⁵ kwɔ³⁵/
- (Chengdu)
  - Sichuanese Pinyin: min² gue²
  - Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: mingue
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /min²¹ kuɛ²¹/
- (Dungan)
  - Cyrillic and Wiktionary: мингуй (minguy, I-II)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /miŋ²⁴ kuei⁵¹/
  (Note: Dungan pronunciation is currently experimental and may be inaccurate.)
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: man⁴ gwok³
  - Yale: màhn gwok
  - Cantonese Pinyin: man⁴ gwok⁸
  - Guangdong Romanization: men⁴ guog³
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /mɐn²¹ kʷɔːk̚³/
Gan
- (Nanchang)
  - Wiktionary: min⁴ guet⁶
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /min³⁵ kuɛt̚⁵/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: mìn-koet
  - Hakka Romanization System: minˇ gued`
  - Hagfa Pinyim: min² gued⁵
  - Sinological IPA: /min¹¹ ku̯et̚²/
Jin
- (Taiyuan)⁺
  - Wiktionary: ming¹ gueh⁶
  - Sinological IPA (old-style): /mĩŋ¹¹ kuəʔ²/
Min Dong
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê: mìng-guók
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /miŋ⁵³⁻²¹ ^(k-)ŋuɔʔ²⁴/
Min Nan
- (Hokkien)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: bîn-kok
  - Tâi-lô: bîn-kok
  - Phofsit Daibuun: binkog
  - IPA (Xiamen): /bin²⁴⁻²² kɔk̚³²/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /bin²⁴⁻²² kɔk̚⁵/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /bin¹³⁻²² kɔk̚³²/
  - IPA (Taipei): /bin²⁴⁻¹¹ kɔk̚³²/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /bin²³⁻³³ kɔk̚³²/
- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: ming⁵ gog⁴
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: mîng kok
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /miŋ⁵⁵⁻¹¹ kok̚²/
Wu
- (Shanghainese)
  - Wiktionary: ³min-koq
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /mɪɲ²² kʊʔ⁴⁴/
Xiang
- (Changsha)
  - Wiktionary: min² gue⁶
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /min¹³ kuɤ̞²⁴/

Noun

民國

republic

Usage notes

民國 is usually used to refer to the pre-1949 Republic of China, its modern counterpart, or the Republic of Korea. For other republics, 共和國 is used.

Synonyms

共和國／共和国 (gònghéguó)

Derived terms

中華民國／中华民国 (Zhōnghuá Mínguó)

大韓民國／大韩民国 (Dàhán Mínguó)

Descendants

→ Solon: irḡeng gurung (calque)
→ Manchu: ᡳᡵᡤᡝᠨ
ᡤᡠᡵᡠᠨ (irgen gurun) (calque)

Proper noun

民國

Short for 中華民國／中华民国 (Zhōnghuá Mínguó, “Republic of China”).
- 以建民國　以進大同 [MSC, trad.]
  以建民国　以进大同 [MSC, simp.]
  From: Sun Yat-sen (lyricist), National Anthem of the Republic of China
  yǐ jiàn Mínguó, yǐ jìn dàtóng [Pinyin]
  (please add an English translation of this example)
(chiefly Mainland China, Hong Kong, Macau) Republic of China during 1912–1949 before its retreat to Taiwan
the Republic of China era (a Chinese era name; the era beginning with the founding of the Republic of China in 1912)
民國105年／民国105年 ― Mínguó 105 nián ― 105th year of the Republic era

Descendants

→ Bouyei: Minfguef
→ Zhuang: Minzgoz

Japanese

Kanji in this term
民	國
みん Grade: 4	こく Jinmeiyō
on’yomi

Noun

民(みん)國(こく) • (minkoku)

Kyūjitai form of 民国: republic

Korean

Hanja in this term
民	國

Noun

民國 • (min'guk) (hangeul 민국)

Hanja form^? of 민국 (“republic”).

Okinawan

Noun

民國 (kyūjitai kanji, shinjitai kanji 民国, hiragana みんくく, rōmaji minkuku)

Kyūjitai form of 民国 (“republic”)

Vietnamese

Hán tự in this term
民	國

Noun

民國

chữ Hán form of dân quốc (“republic”).

Zhuang

Noun

民國

Sawndip form of minzgoz

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