芬芳

Chinese

		fragrant	fragrant
trad. (芬芳)		芬	芳
simp. ^#(芬芳)		芬	芳

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): fēnfāng

(Zhuyin): ㄈㄣㄈㄤ
Cantonese (Jyutping): fan¹ fong¹
Hakka (Sixian, PFS): fûn-fông
Min Nan
(Hokkien, POJ): hun-hong

(Teochew, Peng'im): hung¹ huang¹

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: fēnfāng
  - Zhuyin: ㄈㄣㄈㄤ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: fenfang
  - Wade–Giles: fên¹-fang¹
  - Yale: fēn-fāng
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: fenfang
  - Palladius: фэньфан (fɛnʹfan)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /fən⁵⁵ fɑŋ⁵⁵/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: fan¹ fong¹
  - Yale: fān fōng
  - Cantonese Pinyin: fan¹ fong¹
  - Guangdong Romanization: fen¹ fong¹
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /fɐn⁵⁵ fɔːŋ⁵⁵/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: fûn-fông
  - Hakka Romanization System: fun´ fong´
  - Hagfa Pinyim: fun¹ fong¹
  - Sinological IPA: /fun²⁴⁻¹¹ foŋ²⁴/
Min Nan
- (Hokkien)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hun-hong
  - Tâi-lô: hun-hong
  - Phofsit Daibuun: hunhofng
  - IPA (Xiamen): /hun⁴⁴⁻²² hɔŋ⁴⁴/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /hun³³ hɔŋ³³/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /hun⁴⁴⁻²² hɔŋ⁴⁴/
  - IPA (Taipei): /hun⁴⁴⁻³³ hɔŋ⁴⁴/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /hun⁴⁴⁻³³ hɔŋ⁴⁴/
- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: hung¹ huang¹
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: hung huang
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /huŋ³³⁻²³ huaŋ³³/

Middle Chinese: /pʰɨun pʰʉɐŋ/

Rime
Character	芬	芳
Reading #	1/1	1/1
Initial (聲)	滂 (2)	滂 (2)
Final (韻)	文 (59)	陽 (106)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Closed	Closed
Division (等)	III	III
Fanqie	撫文切	敷方切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/pʰɨun/	/pʰʉɐŋ/
Pan Wuyun	/pʰiun/	/pʰʷiɐŋ/
Shao Rongfen	/pʰiuən/	/pʰiuɑŋ/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/pʰun/	/pʰuaŋ/
Li Rong	/pʰiuən/	/pʰiuaŋ/
Wang Li	/pʰĭuən/	/pʰĭwaŋ/
Bernard Karlgren	/pʰi̯uən/	/pʰiwaŋ/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	fēn	fāng
Expected Cantonese Reflex	fan¹	fong¹

Old Chinese
(Zhengzhang): /*pʰɯn pʰaŋ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	芳
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	fāng
Middle Chinese	‹ phjang ›
Old Chinese	/*[pʰ]aŋ/
English	fragrant
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	芬	芳
Reading #	1/1	1/1
No.	3154	3041
Phonetic component	分	方
Rime group	文	陽
Rime subdivision	1	0
Corresponding MC rime	芬	芳
Old Chinese	/*pʰɯn/	/*pʰaŋ/
Notes	撫原誤府依元泰定本校改

Adjective

芬芳

fragrant; aromatic; perfumed; sweet-smelling
- 橘柚芬芳。 [Classical Chinese, trad. and simp.]
  From: The Book of Han, circa 1^st century CE
  Jú yòu fēnfāng. [Pinyin]
  (please add an English translation of this example)
- 芬芳美麗滿枝椏 [MSC, trad.]
  芬芳美丽满枝桠 [MSC, simp.]
  From: 《茉莉花》 (Mo Li Hua)
  fēnfāng měilì mǎn zhīyā [Pinyin]
  fragrant and beautiful, with many branches
(figurative) pleasant; noble; distinguished; righteous; graceful; elegant

Synonyms

(fragrant): 芳香 (fāngxiāng)

Derived terms

芬芳馥郁

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