袈裟

Chinese

		phonetic
simp. and trad. (袈裟)		袈	裟
alternative forms		毠㲚𣮫㲚𧛣裟

袈裟

Etymology

From Sanskrit काषाय (kāṣāya, “brownish red; brown-red cloth or garment”).

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): jiāshā

(Zhuyin): ㄐㄧㄚㄕㄚ
Cantonese (Jyutping): gaa¹ saa¹
Gan (Wiktionary): ga¹ sa
Hakka (Sixian, PFS): kâ-sâ
Min Dong (BUC): gă-să
Min Nan
(Hokkien, POJ): ka-se / kee-see

(Teochew, Peng'im): gê¹ sê¹
Wu (Wiktionary): ¹ka-so

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)
  - Hanyu Pinyin: jiāshā
  - Zhuyin: ㄐㄧㄚㄕㄚ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: jiasha
  - Wade–Giles: chia¹-sha¹
  - Yale: jyā-shā
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jiasha
  - Palladius: цзяша (czjaša)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕjä⁵⁵ ʂä⁵⁵/
  - Homophones:
    [Show/Hide]
    ^edit
    ^edit
    加沙
    袈裟
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
  - Jyutping: gaa¹ saa¹
  - Yale: gā sā
  - Cantonese Pinyin: gaa¹ saa¹
  - Guangdong Romanization: ga¹ sa¹
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /kaː⁵⁵ saː⁵⁵/
  - Homophones:
    ^edit
    ^edit
    加沙
    袈裟
Gan
- (Nanchang)
  - Wiktionary: ga¹ sa
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ka⁴² sa²/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: kâ-sâ
  - Hakka Romanization System: ga´ sa´
  - Hagfa Pinyim: ga¹ sa¹
  - Sinological IPA: /ka²⁴⁻¹¹ sa²⁴/
Min Dong
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê: gă-să
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ka⁵⁵ ^(s-)la⁵⁵/
Min Nan
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, General Taiwanese)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: ka-se
  - Tâi-lô: ka-se
  - Phofsit Daibuun: kasef
  - IPA (Xiamen): /ka⁴⁴⁻²² se⁴⁴/
  - IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung): /ka⁴⁴⁻³³ se⁴⁴/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /ka³³ se³³/
- (Hokkien: Zhangzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kee-see
  - Tâi-lô: kee-see
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /kɛ⁴⁴⁻²² sɛ⁴⁴/
- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: gê¹ sê¹
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: ke se
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ke³³⁻²³ se³³/
Wu
- (Shanghainese)
  - Wiktionary: ¹ka-so
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ka̱⁵⁵ so²¹/

Middle Chinese: /kˠa ʃˠa/

Rime
Character	袈	裟
Reading #	1/1	1/1
Initial (聲)	見 (28)	生 (21)
Final (韻)	麻 (98)	麻 (98)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open
Division (等)	II	II
Fanqie	古牙切	所加切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/kˠa/	/ʃˠa/
Pan Wuyun	/kᵚa/	/ʃᵚa/
Shao Rongfen	/ka/	/ʃa/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/kaɨ/	/ʂaɨ/
Li Rong	/ka/	/ʃa/
Wang Li	/ka/	/ʃa/
Bernard Karlgren	/ka/	/ʂa/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	jiā	shā
Expected Cantonese Reflex	gaa¹	saa¹

Noun

袈裟

(Buddhism) kasaya (the robes of fully ordained Buddhist monks and nuns)

Synonyms

Dialectal synonyms of 袈裟 (“kasaya”) [map]

Variety	Location	Words edit
Classical Chinese		袈裟, 福田衣, 水田衣
Formal (Written Standard Chinese)		袈裟
Mandarin	Taiwan	袈裟
	Luoyang	袈裟
	Singapore	袈裟
Cantonese	Hong Kong	袈裟
Gan	Nanchang	袈裟
Hakka	Yudu	袈裟
	Miaoli (N. Sixian)	袈裟
	Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian)	袈裟
	Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu)	袈裟
	Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu)	袈裟
	Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping)	袈裟
	Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an)	袈裟
Min Dong	Fuzhou	袈裟
Min Nan	Xiamen	八寶衫
	Quanzhou	八寶衫
	Zhangzhou	八寶衫
Wu	Suzhou	袈裟

Derived terms

佛袈裟

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (袈裟):

→ Japanese: 袈裟(けさ) (kesa)
→ Korean: 가사(袈裟) (gasa)
→ Vietnamese: cà-sa (袈裟)

Others:

→ Zhuang: gyahsah

Japanese

Kanji in this term
袈	裟
け Jinmeiyō	さ Jinmeiyō
on’yomi

Etymology

From Chinese 袈裟 (jiāshā).

Pronunciation

On’yomi

(Tokyo) けさ [kèsáꜜ] (Odaka – [2])[1]
(Tokyo) けさ [kèsá] (Heiban – [0])[1]
IPA^(key): [ke̞sa̠]

Noun

袈(け)裟(さ) • (kesa)

a kāṣāya

Derived terms

大(おお)袈(げ)裟(さ) (ōgesa)
坊(ぼう)主(ず)憎(にく)けりゃ袈裟(けさ)まで憎(にく)い (bōzu nikukerya kesa made nikui)

References

2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN

Korean

Hanja in this term
袈	裟

Noun

袈裟 or 袈裟 or 袈裟 • (gasa or McCune-Reischauer: kasa or Yale: kasa) (hangeul 가사)

Hanja form^? of 가사 (“kāṣāya”).

Vietnamese

Hán tự in this term
袈	裟

Noun

袈裟

chữ Hán form of cà-sa (“kāṣāya”).

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[DJR-1] 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN