-и

-и • (-i)

1. and

Can be used with all Abkhaz words. It should be placed after all words which use it:

аби ани ― abi ani ― father and mother

An и placed after an а will result in еи:

Атуристцәа Аҟәаҟеи Гәдоуҭаҟеи ицеит.

Atʼuristʼcʷa Aqʷʼaqʼei Gʷdowtaqʼei icejtʼ.

The tourists went to Sukhumi and Gudauta.

• -гьы (-gʲə)

• IPA^(key): [i]

-и • (-i)

1. Appended to nouns to create verbs.

   ‎врева (vreva) + ‎-и (-i) → ‎вреви (vrevi)

   ‎дозвола (dozvola) + ‎-и (-i) → ‎дозволи (dozvoli)

   ‎зрак (zrak) + ‎-и (-i) → ‎зрачи (zrači)

   ‎ѕвон (dzvon) + ‎-и (-i) → ‎ѕвони (dzvoni)

   ‎срам (sram) + ‎-и (-i) → ‎срами (srami)

2. Appended to adjectives to create verbs.

   ‎бел (bel) + ‎-и (-i) → ‎бели (beli)

   ‎бистар (bistar) + ‎-и (-i) → ‎бистри (bistri)

   ‎крив (kriv) + ‎-и (-i) → ‎криви (krivi)

   ‎рамен (ramen) + ‎-и (-i) → ‎рамни (ramni)

   ‎ќелав (ḱelav) + ‎-и (-i) → ‎ќелави (ḱelavi)

Perhaps related to Finnish -ja, Estonian -ja, Livonian -ji, e.g., jūoji (“drinker”).

-и • (-i)

1. agentive suffix
   • V. I. Ščankina (2011) Russko-mokšansko-erzjanskij slovarʹ [Russian-Moksha-Erzya Dictionary], Saransk, →ISBN

     читатель — морафтысь, лувись

     čitaťeľ — moraftiś, luviś

     reader [in Russian] — reader

Derived from Russian -ия f (-ija, “-y, -ey, -ia, -ium”) and -ий m (-ij, “-ius”).

Silent.

-и • (-i)

1. Used in place of Russian -ия (-ija) and -ий (-ij) in loanwords with stems that do not end in с (s) or ц (c).

   Alternative form: -∅

   Итали ― Itali ― Italy

   Бельги ― Belʹgi ― Belgium

   Маврики ― Mavriki ― Mauritius

• -ⰻ (-i) – Glagolitic

From Proto-Slavic *-jь.

-и • (-i)

1. Adjectival of secondary origin:
   1. From nouns

      ‎грѣшьникъ (grěšĭnikŭ, “sinner”) + ‎-и (-i) → ‎грѣшьничь (grěšĭničĭ, “sinner's”)

      ‎ловьць (lovĭcĭ, “hunter”) + ‎-и (-i) → ‎ловьчь (lovĭčĭ, “hunter's”)

      ‎мѫченикъ (mǫčenikŭ, “martyr”) + ‎-и (-i) → ‎мѫченичь (mǫčeničĭ, “martyr's”)

      ‎вьдовица (vĭdovica, “widow”) + ‎-и (-i) → ‎вьдовичь (vĭdovičĭ, “widow's”)

      ‎дѣвица (děvica, “virgin, maiden”) + ‎-и (-i) → ‎дѣвичь (děvičĭ, “girl's”)

      ‎агнѧ (agnę, “lamb”) + ‎-и (-i) → ‎агньчь (agnĭčĭ, “lamb's”)

      ‎говѧдо (govędo, “bull, ox”) + ‎-и (-i) → ‎говѧждь (govęždĭ, “bovine”)

   2. From adjectives

      ‎бъдръ (bŭdrŭ, “lively”) + ‎-и (-i) → ‎бъждр҄ь (bŭždrʹĭ, “brisk”)

      ‎прокъ (prokŭ, “remnant”) + ‎-и (-i) → ‎прочь (pročĭ, “other”)

   3. From verbs

      ‎лъгати (lŭgati, “to lie”) + ‎-и (-i) → ‎лъжь (lŭžĭ, “lie's”)

      ‎боуꙗти (bujati, “to thrive, to rage”) + ‎-и (-i) → ‎боуи (bui, “immoderate”)

When attached to a word ending in a consonant, the -j- glide iotates the aforementioned consonant which often leads to one of the Slavic palatalizations.

• -ии (-ii)

• Бояджиев, Андрей (2016) Старобългарска читанка‎, София