-uttaa
Finnish
Etymology
-ua (passive suffix) + -ttaa (causative suffix), mostly by analogy. The denominal suffix may be partially from -uus, -us (suffix forming nouns from adjectives, stem -(u)ut(e)) + -taa, but is likely just transferred from the deverbal suffix.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /-utːɑːˣ/, [-ut̪ːɑː(ʔ)]
Suffix
-uttaa (front vowel harmony variant -yttää, stem -utta-)
- (deverbative) Forms causative, curative, or factitive verbs from verbs.
- aivastaa (“to sneeze”) + -uttaa → aivastuttaa (“to cause to sneeze”)
- rakentaa (“to build”) + -uttaa → rakennuttaa (“to have something built”)
- räjähtää (“to explode, blow up”) + -uttaa → räjäyttää (“to blow up, detonate, destroy by exploding”)
- (denominal) Forms factitive verbs from nominals.
Usage notes
- With -ahtaa (momentane) verbs, the final -ht- usually disappears entirely (through *-ahdutta- > *-ahutta- (regular loss in e.g. eastern dialects) > *-autta-). This has led to -auttaa becoming its own pseudo-suffix. Some derivations, particularly more recent ones, may preserve the -hd-.
Conjugation
| Inflection of -uttaa (Kotus type 53*C/muistaa, tt-t gradation) | |||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| indicative mood | |||||||||||||||||||||
| present tense | perfect | ||||||||||||||||||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||||||||||||||
| 1st sing. | -utan | en -uta | 1st sing. | olen -uttanut | en ole -uttanut | ||||||||||||||||
| 2nd sing. | -utat | et -uta | 2nd sing. | olet -uttanut | et ole -uttanut | ||||||||||||||||
| 3rd sing. | -uttaa | ei -uta | 3rd sing. | on -uttanut | ei ole -uttanut | ||||||||||||||||
| 1st plur. | -utamme | emme -uta | 1st plur. | olemme -uttaneet | emme ole -uttaneet | ||||||||||||||||
| 2nd plur. | -utatte | ette -uta | 2nd plur. | olette -uttaneet | ette ole -uttaneet | ||||||||||||||||
| 3rd plur. | -uttavat | eivät -uta | 3rd plur. | ovat -uttaneet | eivät ole -uttaneet | ||||||||||||||||
| passive | -utetaan | ei -uteta | passive | on -utettu | ei ole -utettu | ||||||||||||||||
| past tense | pluperfect | ||||||||||||||||||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||||||||||||||
| 1st sing. | -utin | en -uttanut | 1st sing. | olin -uttanut | en ollut -uttanut | ||||||||||||||||
| 2nd sing. | -utit | et -uttanut | 2nd sing. | olit -uttanut | et ollut -uttanut | ||||||||||||||||
| 3rd sing. | -utti | ei -uttanut | 3rd sing. | oli -uttanut | ei ollut -uttanut | ||||||||||||||||
| 1st plur. | -utimme | emme -uttaneet | 1st plur. | olimme -uttaneet | emme olleet -uttaneet | ||||||||||||||||
| 2nd plur. | -utitte | ette -uttaneet | 2nd plur. | olitte -uttaneet | ette olleet -uttaneet | ||||||||||||||||
| 3rd plur. | -uttivat | eivät -uttaneet | 3rd plur. | olivat -uttaneet | eivät olleet -uttaneet | ||||||||||||||||
| passive | -utettiin | ei -utettu | passive | oli -utettu | ei ollut -utettu | ||||||||||||||||
| conditional mood | |||||||||||||||||||||
| present | perfect | ||||||||||||||||||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||||||||||||||
| 1st sing. | -uttaisin | en -uttaisi | 1st sing. | olisin -uttanut | en olisi -uttanut | ||||||||||||||||
| 2nd sing. | -uttaisit | et -uttaisi | 2nd sing. | olisit -uttanut | et olisi -uttanut | ||||||||||||||||
| 3rd sing. | -uttaisi | ei -uttaisi | 3rd sing. | olisi -uttanut | ei olisi -uttanut | ||||||||||||||||
| 1st plur. | -uttaisimme | emme -uttaisi | 1st plur. | olisimme -uttaneet | emme olisi -uttaneet | ||||||||||||||||
| 2nd plur. | -uttaisitte | ette -uttaisi | 2nd plur. | olisitte -uttaneet | ette olisi -uttaneet | ||||||||||||||||
| 3rd plur. | -uttaisivat | eivät -uttaisi | 3rd plur. | olisivat -uttaneet | eivät olisi -uttaneet | ||||||||||||||||
| passive | -utettaisiin | ei -utettaisi | passive | olisi -utettu | ei olisi -utettu | ||||||||||||||||
| imperative mood | |||||||||||||||||||||
| present | perfect | ||||||||||||||||||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||||||||||||||
| 1st sing. | — | — | 1st sing. | — | — | ||||||||||||||||
| 2nd sing. | -uta | älä -uta | 2nd sing. | ole -uttanut | älä ole -uttanut | ||||||||||||||||
| 3rd sing. | -uttakoon | älköön -uttako | 3rd sing. | olkoon -uttanut | älköön olko -uttanut | ||||||||||||||||
| 1st plur. | -uttakaamme | älkäämme -uttako | 1st plur. | olkaamme -uttaneet | älkäämme olko -uttaneet | ||||||||||||||||
| 2nd plur. | -uttakaa | älkää -uttako | 2nd plur. | olkaa -uttaneet | älkää olko -uttaneet | ||||||||||||||||
| 3rd plur. | -uttakoot | älkööt -uttako | 3rd plur. | olkoot -uttaneet | älkööt olko -uttaneet | ||||||||||||||||
| passive | -utettakoon | älköön -utettako | passive | olkoon -utettu | älköön olko -utettu | ||||||||||||||||
| potential mood | |||||||||||||||||||||
| present | perfect | ||||||||||||||||||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||||||||||||||
| 1st sing. | -uttanen | en -uttane | 1st sing. | lienen -uttanut | en liene -uttanut | ||||||||||||||||
| 2nd sing. | -uttanet | et -uttane | 2nd sing. | lienet -uttanut | et liene -uttanut | ||||||||||||||||
| 3rd sing. | -uttanee | ei -uttane | 3rd sing. | lienee -uttanut | ei liene -uttanut | ||||||||||||||||
| 1st plur. | -uttanemme | emme -uttane | 1st plur. | lienemme -uttaneet | emme liene -uttaneet | ||||||||||||||||
| 2nd plur. | -uttanette | ette -uttane | 2nd plur. | lienette -uttaneet | ette liene -uttaneet | ||||||||||||||||
| 3rd plur. | -uttanevat | eivät -uttane | 3rd plur. | lienevät -uttaneet | eivät liene -uttaneet | ||||||||||||||||
| passive | -utettaneen | ei -utettane | passive | lienee -utettu | ei liene -utettu | ||||||||||||||||
| Nominal forms | |||||||||||||||||||||
| infinitives | participles | ||||||||||||||||||||
| active | passive | active | passive | ||||||||||||||||||
| 1st | -uttaa | present | -uttava | -utettava | |||||||||||||||||
| long 1st1 |
|
past | -uttanut | -utettu | |||||||||||||||||
| 2nd | inessive2 | -uttaessa | -utettaessa | agent3 | -uttama | ||||||||||||||||
|
negative | -uttamaton | |||||||||||||||||||
| instructive | -uttaen | — | 1) Used only with a possessive suffix. 2) Usually with a possessive suffix (active only). | ||||||||||||||||||
| 3rd | inessive | -uttamassa | — | ||||||||||||||||||
| elative | -uttamasta | — | |||||||||||||||||||
| illative | -uttamaan | — | |||||||||||||||||||
| adessive | -uttamalla | — | |||||||||||||||||||
| abessive | -uttamatta | — | |||||||||||||||||||
| instructive | -uttaman | -utettaman | |||||||||||||||||||
| 4th4 | nominative | -uttaminen | |||||||||||||||||||
| partitive | -uttamista | ||||||||||||||||||||
| 5th1 |
| ||||||||||||||||||||
Derived terms
Finnish terms suffixed with -uttaa
See also
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