< Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic

Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/kaski

This Proto-Finnic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Finnic

Etymology

Proposed to derive from a derivative of the Indo-European root *h₂eHs- (“to burn”) similar to Proto-Germanic *askǭ (“ashes”).

The Estonian and Votic reflexes show a shift to a meaning 'birch', for which a likely intermediate is reflected in a dialectal Finnish meaning (Southwestern and Far Northern) 'young birch, birch shoots'. These have been earlier compared with the Permic words for 'birch' (Komi кыдз (kydź), Udmurt кыӟпу (kydźpu), from Proto-Uralic *kuće), but this has several phonetic difficulties.

Has also been compared to Armenian կեչի (kečʿi, “birch”).[1]

Noun

*kaski

  1. swidden, slash-and-burned land
  2. copse, especially raised for burning

Inflection
Inflection of *kaski
Note: The Proto-Finnic declension system is yet to be reconstructed in detail. What is presented here is only one possibility.
singular plural
nominative *kaski *kasket
accusative *kasken *kasket
genitive *kasken *kaskeden
*kaskiden
partitive *kaskeda *kaskida
inessive *kaskessa
*kaskehna		 *kaskissa
*kaskihna
elative *kaskesta *kaskista
illative *kaskehen *kaskihen
adessive *kaskella *kaskilla
ablative *kaskelta *kaskilta
allative *kaskelen
*kaskelek		 *kaskilen
*kaskilek
essive *kaskena *kaskina
translative *kaskeksi *kaskiksi
instructive *kasken *kaskin
comitative *kaskenek *kaskinek
abessive *kasketta *kaskitta

Descendants
  • Estonian: kask (“birch”)
  • Finnish: kaski
  • Ingrian: kaski
  • Karelian: kaški
  • Ludian kašk
  • Veps: kask
  • Votic: kahtši (“birch”)

References
  • Itkonen, Erkki; Kulonen, Ulla-Maija, editors (1992–2000) Suomen sanojen alkuperä [The origin of Finnish words]‎ (in Finnish), [note: linked online version also includes some other etymological sources], Helsinki: Institute for the Languages of Finland/Finnish Literature Society, →ISBN
  1. J̌ahukyan, Geworg (1987) Hayocʿ lezvi patmutʿyun; naxagrayin žamanakašrǰan [History of the Armenian language: The Pre-Literary Period]‎ (in Armenian), Yerevan: Academy Press, page 296
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