< Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic
Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/pak'ahtadak
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This Proto-Finnic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Finnic
Etymology
From Proto-Finno-Ugric *pëkka- + *-ahtadak.
Inflection
Inflection of *pak'ahtadak
| Note: The Proto-Finnic conjugation system is yet to be reconstructed in detail. What is presented here is only one possibility. | ||||
| present | past | imperative | optative | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st sing. | *pak'ahtan | *pak'ahtoin | — | *pak'ahtagon |
| 2nd sing. | *pak'ahtat | *pak'ahtoit | *pak'ahtak | *pak'ahtagos |
| 3rd sing. | *pak'ahtapi *pak'ahta |
*pak'ahtoi | *pak'ahtakahen | *pak'ahtakohen |
| 1st plur. | *pak'ahtakmek *pak'ahtakmak |
*pak'ahtoimek *pak'ahtoimak |
*pak'ahtakademek *pak'ahtakadamak |
*pak'ahtakodemek *pak'ahtakodamak |
| 2nd plur. | *pak'ahtaktek *pak'ahtaktak |
*pak'ahtoidek *pak'ahtoidak |
*pak'ahtakade *pak'ahtakada |
*pak'ahtagot'ek *pak'ahtakodadak |
| 3rd plur. | *pak'ahtabat *pak'ahta |
*pak'ahtoi | *pak'ahtakahen | *pak'ahtakohen |
| passive | *pak'ahtaksen | *pak'ahtatihen *pak'ahtattihen |
*pak'ahtatagasen *pak'ahtattagasen |
*pak'ahtatagosen *pak'ahtattagosen |
| connegative | *pak'ahtak | — | *pak'ahtagak | *pak'ahtagok |
| passive connegative | *pak'ahtaktak | — | *pak'ahtatagak *pak'ahtattagak |
*pak'ahtatagok *pak'ahtattagok |
| conditional 1 | conditional 2 | potential | ||
| 1st sing. | *pak'ahtakcin | *pak'ahtoicin | *pak'ahtanen | |
| 2nd sing. | *pak'ahtakcit | *pak'ahtoicit | *pak'ahtanet | |
| 3rd sing. | *pak'ahtakci | *pak'ahtoici | *pak'ahtani | |
| 1st plur. | *pak'ahtakcimek *pak'ahtakcimak |
*pak'ahtoicimek *pak'ahtoicimak |
*pak'ahtanemek *pak'ahtanemak | |
| 2nd plur. | *pak'ahtakcidek *pak'ahtakcidak |
*pak'ahtoicidek *pak'ahtoicidak |
*pak'ahtanedek *pak'ahtanedak | |
| 3rd plur. | *pak'ahtakci | *pak'ahtoici | *pak'ahtani | |
| passive | *pak'ahtadakcisen *pak'ahtat'akcisen |
*pak'ahtaticisen *pak'ahtatticisen |
*pak'ahtatanesen *pak'ahtattanesen | |
| connegative | *pak'ahtakcik | *pak'ahtoicik | *pak'ahtanek | |
| passive connegative | *pak'ahtadakcik *pak'ahtat'akcik |
*pak'ahtaticik *pak'ahtatticik |
*pak'ahtatanek *pak'ahtattanek | |
| non-finite forms | infinitives/nouns | participles | ||
| active | passive | |||
| infinitive 1 | *pak'ahtadak | present | *pak'ahtapa | *pak'ahtataba *pak'ahtattaba |
| infinitive 2 | *pak'ahtate- | past | *pak'ahtanut | *pak'ahtatu *pak'ahtattu |
| gerund/supine | *pak'ahtama | |||
| action noun | *pak'ahtaminen | |||
Descendants
From *pak'ahtadak:
- Estonian: pakatama/pakatada
- Finnish: (dialectal) pakahtaa
- Votic: pakahta
From *pak'ahtudak:
- Finnish: pakahtua
- Karelian:
- North Karelian: pakahtuo
From *pak'ehtudak:
- Karelian:
- North Karelian: pakehtuo
- South Karelian: pakehtuo
- Livvi: pakehtuo
- Ludian: pakehtuda
Further reading
- pakatama in Metsmägi, Iris; Sedrik, Meeli; Soosaar, Sven-Erik (2012), Eesti etümoloogiasõnaraamat, Tallinn: Eesti Keele Instituut, →ISBN
- Itkonen, Erkki; Kulonen, Ulla-Maija, editors (1992–2000), “pakahtua”, in Suomen sanojen alkuperä [The origin of Finnish words] (in Finnish), [note: linked online version also includes some other etymological sources], Helsinki: Institute for the Languages of Finland/Finnish Literature Society, →ISBN
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