Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/sepra

This Proto-Finnic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Finnic

Etymology

Likely borrowed from a Baltic language; compare Latvian sēbrs (“friend”), Lithuanian sėbras (“companion”).

Noun

*sepra

Inflection

Inflection of *sepra

	singular	plural
Note: The Proto-Finnic declension system is yet to be reconstructed in detail. What is presented here is only one possibility.
nominative	*sepra	*seprat
accusative	*sepran	*seprat
genitive	*sepran	sepraden seproiden
partitive	*seprada	*seproida
inessive	seprassa seprahna	seproissa seproihna
elative	*seprasta	*seproista
illative	*seprahen	*seproihen
adessive	*sepralla	*seproilla
ablative	*sepralta	*seproilta
allative	sepralen sepralek	seproilen seproilek
essive	*seprana	*seproina
translative	*sepraksi	*seproiksi
instructive	*sepran	*seproin
comitative	*sepranek	*seproinek
abessive	*sepratta	*seproitta

Descendants

Estonian: sõber
- → Livonian: sõbrā
Finnish: seura
Ingrian: sebra
Karelian: sepra, sebra
Livonian: sü'br (archaic)
Livvi: siebru
Ludian: siebr
Veps: sebr
Võro: sõpr, sõbõr
Votic: sõbrõ
→ Proto-Samic: *seaprē
- Western Samic:
  - Ume Sami: seäbrrie
  - Lule Sami: siebrre
  - Northern Sami: searvi
- Eastern Samic:
  - Inari Sami: servi
  - Skolt Sami: seäʹrvv
  - Kildin Sami: се̄ббр (s’ēbbr)

References

sõber in Metsmägi, Iris; Sedrik, Meeli; Soosaar, Sven-Erik (2012), Eesti etümoloogiasõnaraamat, Tallinn: Eesti Keele Instituut, →ISBN
Itkonen, Erkki; Kulonen, Ulla-Maija, editors (1992–2000) Suomen sanojen alkuperä [The origin of Finnish words]‎ (in Finnish), [note: linked online version also includes some other etymological sources], Helsinki: Institute for the Languages of Finland/Finnish Literature Society, →ISBN

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