< Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic
Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/ulvodak
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This Proto-Finnic entry contains reconstructed words and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Finnic
Etymology
Probably onomatopoeic.
Inflection
Inflection of *ulvodak
| present | past | imperative | optative | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st sing. | *ulvon | *ulvoin | — | *ulvogon |
| 2nd sing. | *ulvot | *ulvoit | *ulvok | *ulvogos |
| 3rd sing. | *ulvobi *ulvo |
*ulvoi | *ulvogasen | *ulvogosen |
| 1st plur. | *ulvokmek *ulvokmak |
*ulvoimek *ulvoimak |
*ulvogatemek *ulvogatamak |
*ulvogotemek *ulvogotamak |
| 2nd plur. | *ulvoktek *ulvoktak |
*ulvoidek *ulvoidak |
*ulvogate *ulvogata |
*ulvogot'ek *ulvogotadak |
| 3rd plur. | *ulvobat *ulvo |
*ulvoi | *ulvogasen | *ulvogosen |
| passive | *ulvoksen | *ulvodisen *ulvottisen |
*ulvodakahen *ulvottakahen |
*ulvodakohen *ulvottakohen |
| connegative | *ulvok | — | *ulvogak | *ulvogok |
| passive connegative | *ulvoktak | — | *ulvodagak *ulvottagak |
*ulvodagok *ulvottagok |
| conditional 1 | conditional 2 | potential | ||
| 1st sing. | *ulvokcin | *ulvoicin | *ulvonen | |
| 2nd sing. | *ulvokcit | *ulvoicit | *ulvonet | |
| 3rd sing. | *ulvokci | *ulvoici | *ulvoni | |
| 1st plur. | *ulvokcimek *ulvokcimak |
*ulvoicimek *ulvoicimak |
*ulvonemek *ulvonemak | |
| 2nd plur. | *ulvokcidek *ulvokcidak |
*ulvoicidek *ulvoicidak |
*ulvonedek *ulvonedak | |
| 3rd plur. | *ulvokci | *ulvoici | *ulvoni | |
| passive | *ulvodakcihen *ulvot'akcihen |
*ulvodicihen *ulvotticihen |
*ulvodanehen *ulvottanehen | |
| connegative | *ulvokcik | *ulvoicik | *ulvonek | |
| passive connegative | *ulvodakcik *ulvot'akcik |
*ulvodicik *ulvotticik |
*ulvodanek *ulvottanek | |
| non-finite forms | infinitives/nouns | participles | ||
| active | passive | |||
| infinitive 1 | *ulvodak | present | *ulvoba | *ulvodapa *ulvottapa |
| infinitive 2 | *ulvode- | past | *ulvonut | *ulvodu *ulvottu |
| gerund/supine | *ulvoma | |||
| action noun | *ulvominen | |||
Descendants
- Estonian: uluma/uluda
- Finnish: ulvoa
- Ingrian: ulvoa
- Karelian: ulvuo
- Livonian: u’llõ
- Livvi: ulvuo
- Ludian: ulvada
- Votic: ulvoa
- ? → Samic: *(h)olvōtēk
Further reading
- uluma in Metsmägi, Iris; Sedrik, Meeli; Soosaar, Sven-Erik (2012), Eesti etümoloogiasõnaraamat, Tallinn: Eesti Keele Instituut, →ISBN
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