Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/h₁edʰ-

Probably from Proto-Indo-European *h₁é.

*h₁edʰ-

1. some ?

*h₁- is due to Winter's law in Balto-Slavic.

• Proto-Balto-Slavic: *ed-
  • Proto-Slavic: *ed-
    • From *(j)ed- + *inъ
      • Proto-Slavic: *edinъ (see there for further descendants)
    • Proto-Slavic: *(j)edъva (see there for further descendants)
• Germanic:
  • Old Norse: eitt (“neut. sg. of einn”)
    • Icelandic: eitt
    • Norwegian Nynorsk: eitt
    • Faroese: eitt
    • Swedish: ett
    • Elfdalian: iett
    • Norwegian Bokmål: et
    • Danish: et
  • Old High German: edde-, *ëta- (“some”)
    • eddeshwaz (cf. Icelandic eitthvað, Old Dutch iowiht)
      • German: etwas
    • Middle High German: ettwer, eteswer, etewer, etswer
      • German: etwer (dialectal)
    • ëtalīh
      • Middle High German: ëtelich
        • German: etlich
• Proto-Italic: *ed- (possibly)
  • Latin: ec- (perhaps from a form that occurs when *ed- is prefixed to a word beginning with letters c/q, cf. how ec- is found in ecce, ecquandō, ecquis)
  • Oscan: ekkum < **ed-kum?

Possibly a substrate borrowing. Or borrowed independently into some branches. The root is rejected by Genaust.

*h₁edʰ-

1. sharp, pointy

• *h₁edʰ-l-
  • Proto-Balto-Slavic: *edlis
    • Proto-Slavic: *edlь (“spruce”) (see there for further descendants)
    • Lithuanian: ẽglė (“spruce”)
    • Latvian: egle (“spruce, fir”)
    • Old Prussian: addle (“spruce, fir”)
  • Latin: ebulum, ebulus
• Unsorted formations:
  • Gaulish: odocos (“elder”)
  • Old High German: attah, attuh (“dwarf-elder, danewort”)
    • German: Attich
  • Lithuanian: ãdata (“needle”), adýti (“to darn”)
  • Latvian: adīt (“to knit”)

for Etymology 1:

• “ec-”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• “ec-” on page 584/1 of the Oxford Latin Dictionary (1st ed., 1968–82)
• Pokorny, Julius (1959) Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Indo-European Etymological Dictionary] (in German), volume 1, Bern, München: Francke Verlag, page 281
• Vasmer, Max (1964–1973), “едва”, in Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), transl. and suppl. by Oleg Trubachyov, Moscow: Progress
• “etwas” in Digitales Wörterbuch der deutschen Sprache

for Etymology 2:

• Pokorny, Julius (1959) Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Indo-European Etymological Dictionary] (in German), volume 1, Bern, München: Francke Verlag, page 289