< Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European

Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/h₁esh₂ós

This Proto-Indo-European entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Indo-European

Noun

*h₁esh₂ós m

  1. master

Declension
Thematic
singular
nominative *h₁esh₂ós
genitive *h₁esh₂ósyo
singular dual plural
nominative *h₁esh₂ós *h₁esh₂óh₁ *h₁esh₂óes
vocative *h₁esh₂é *h₁esh₂óh₁ *h₁esh₂óes
accusative *h₁esh₂óm *h₁esh₂óh₁ *h₁esh₂óms
genitive *h₁esh₂ósyo *? *h₁esh₂óHom
ablative *h₁esh₂éad *? *h₁esh₂ómos
dative *h₁esh₂óey *? *h₁esh₂ómos
locative *h₁esh₂éy, *h₁esh₂óy *? *h₁esh₂óysu
instrumental *h₁esh₂óh₁ *? *h₁esh₂ṓys

Descendants
  • Anatolian:
    • Hittite: 𒅖𒄩𒀀𒀸 (išḫāš, “master”)[1]
    • Lydian: 𐤦𐤮𐤠𐤮‎ (iśaś, “lord, master, noble”)[1][2]
  • Celtic: (possibly)
    • Gaulish: Esus, Aesus (“Esus, a Gaulish deity”)
  • Proto-Italic: *ezos[3] (see there for further descendants)

References
  1. Kloekhorst, Alwin (2008), “išḫā-”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Hittite Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 5), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 390
  2. “A Lydian Etymology for the Name of Croesus”, in Studies in Honor of Jaan Puhvel-Part One: Ancient Languages and Philology, Washington D.C.: Institute for the Study of Man, 1997, →ISBN, page 23-28
  3. De Vaan, Michiel (2008), “erus”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 194–195
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