Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/lówksneh₂

This Proto-Indo-European entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Indo-European

Etymology

From *lewk- (“to shine”) +‎ *-sneh₂. Alternatively from *lewk-s- +‎ *-néh₂, from the s-stem of the same root (compare Proto-Indo-Iranian *ráwčas (“day; light”)). In this case, originally a substantivized adjective *lewksnós or *lowksnós (“shiny, bright”) (compare Middle High German liehsen (“bright”) from *léwksnos, Ancient Greek λύχνος (lúkhnos, “lamp”) from *luksnos[1]), as the divergent meanings of Avestan, Persian and Old Prussian indicate, and the fact that Iranian has cognates that are adjectives, not nouns. The original Proto-Indo-European lexeme for "moon" was apparently *mḗh₁n̥s, and *lówksneh₂ may have originated as a later poetic synonym.

Noun

*lówksneh₂ f[2][3][4]

moon

Inflection

Thematic in *-eh₂
	singular
nominative	*lówksneh₂
genitive	*lówksneh₂s
	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*lówksneh₂	—	—
vocative	*lówksneh₂	—	—
accusative	*lówksnām	—	—
genitive	*lówksneh₂s	—	—
ablative	*lówksneh₂s	—	—
dative	*lówksneh₂ey	—	—
locative	lówksneh₂, lówksneh₂i	—	—
instrumental	*lówksneh₂h₁	—	—

Descendants

Proto-Armenian:
- Old Armenian: լուսին (lusin)
  - Armenian: լուսին (lusin)
Proto-Balto-Slavic: *láukšnāˀ (see there for further descendants)
Proto-Indo-Iranian: *lukšás
- Proto-Iranian: *luxšáh
  - Persian: لوخن‎ (loxan, “moon, moonlight”)
Proto-Indo-Iranian: *ráwkšnaH
- Proto-Iranian: *ráwxšnaH
  - Eastern Iranian:
    - Avestan: 𐬭𐬀𐬊𐬑𐬱𐬥𐬀‎ (raoxšna, “lantern, bright light”)
  - Northeastern Iranian:
    - Bactrian:
      - → Ancient Greek: Ῥωξάνη (Rhōxánē) (see there for further descendants)
    - Sogdian: (/ruxušn, r^əxušn/)
      Manichaean: 𐫡𐫇𐫑𐫢𐫗‎ (rwk̇šn)
      
      Syriac: ܪݎܘܫܢ‎ (rxwšn), ܪܘݎܫܢ‎
  - Southeastern Iranian:
    - Pashto: روڼ‎ (ruṇ), رڼا‎ (rəṇā)
  - Northwestern Iranian:
    - Baluchi: روشن‎ (róšan), روشنا‎ (róšaná), روژنا‎ (róžaná)
    - Kurdish:
      Northern Kurdish: ron, rohn
      
      Central Kurdish: ڕوون‎ (rûn), ڕووناک‎ (rûnak)
      
      Southern Kurdish: ڕووشن‎ (rûşin)
    - Proto-Medo-Parthian:
      - Gilaki: روشن‎ (rōšən)
      - Parthian: (/rōšn/)
        Manichaean: 𐫡𐫇𐫢𐫗‎ (rwšn)
      - Gurani: ڕۆشن‎ (řōšin)
      - Zazaki: roşn (řōšn)
  - Southwestern Iranian:
    - Old Persian: *ráuxšna
      - Middle Persian: (/rōšn/)
        Manichaean: 𐫡𐫇𐫢𐫗‎ (rwšn)
        
        Book Pahlavi: [Book Pahlavi needed] (lwšn')
        
        Psalter Pahlavi: 𐮊𐮅𐮐𐮌𐮈‎ (lwšny)
        
        Persian: روشن‎ (rowšan, rawšan), روشنا‎ (rawšanā, “light”)
Proto-Italic: *louksnā[4]
- Old Latin: lōsna
  - Latin: lūna (see there for further descendants)

References

De Vaan, Michiel (2008), “352”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page lūna
Sihler, Andrew L. (1995) New Comparative Grammar of Greek and Latin, Oxford, New York: Oxford University Press, →ISBN, page 56: “*lewk-sneH₂-”
Derksen, Rick (2015), “lauxnos”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Baltic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 13), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 561: “*louk-sneh₂”
De Vaan, Michiel (2008), “lūna”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 354: “*louksnā-”