< Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-Iranian

Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-Iranian/mátsyas

This Proto-Indo-Iranian entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Indo-Iranian

Etymology

Unknown; possibly borrowed from the BMAC substrate, compare the lack of similarity with Western Indo-European *peysḱ- (“fish”) and Eastern Indo-European *dʰǵʰu- (“fish”).[1][2]

Noun

*mátsyas m[1][2][3][4]

  1. fish

Declension
masculine a-stem
singular dual plural
nominative *mátsyas *mátsyā *mátsyā, -ās(as)
vocative *mátsya *mátsyā *mátsyā, -ās(as)
accusative *mátsyam *mátsyā *mátsyāns
instrumental *mátsyā *mátsyaybʰyaH, -ābʰyām *mátsyāyš
ablative *mátsyāt *mátsyaybʰyaH, -ābʰyām *mátsyaybʰyas
dative *mátsyāy *mátsyaybʰyaH, -ābʰyām *mátsyaybʰyas
genitive *mátsyasya *mátsyayās *mátsyāna(H)m
locative *mátsyay *mátsyayaw *mátsyayšu

Descendants
  • Proto-Indo-Aryan: *mátsyas
  • Proto-Iranian: *mácyah[4]
    • Central Iranian:
    • Northeastern Iranian:
      • Wakhi: (/mōī/)
        Arabic: مؤي‎
        Cyrillic: мои (moyi)
    • Southeastern Iranian:
      • Ormuri: مائي‎ (māī)
      • Pashto: مشی‎ (məšáy)
    • Northwestern Iranian:
    • Southwestern Iranian:
      • Middle Persian: (/māhīg/)
        Book Pahlavi: [Book Pahlavi needed] (mʾhyk')
        Manichaean: 𐫖𐫀𐫍𐫏𐫃‎ (mʾhyg)
        • Classical Persian: ماهی‎ (māhī)
          Persian: ماهی‎ (mâhi)
          Tajik: моҳӣ (mohī)
        • Lurish:
          Northern Luri: مۏیی‎ (möyi)
  • Proto-Nuristani: *másca
    • Northern Nuristani:
      • Kamkata-viri:
        Kamviri: ṓmaći (< *ā́pa-mascaká)
        Kativiri: maćë́
      • Prasuni: tṓamüsü (?)
    • Southern Nuristani:
      • Ashkun: mṓć
      • Waigali: mëć

References
  1. Lubotsky, Alexander (1999), “The Indo-Iranian substratum”, in Early Contacts between Uralic and Indo-European: Linguistic and Archaeological Considerations‎, Helsinki, page 3
  2. Schmitt, Rüdiger (2017–2018), “Chapter XVII: Indo-Iranian”, in Klein, Jared S.; Joseph, Brian D.; Fritz, Matthias, editor, Handbook of Comparative and Historical Indo-European Linguistics: An International Handbook (Handbücher zur Sprach- und Kommunikationswissenschaft [Handbooks of Linguistics and Communication Science]; 41.2), Berlin; Boston: De Gruyter Mouton, →ISBN, § The lexicon of Indo-Iranian, page 1949: “*mátsi̯a- ʻfishʼ”
  3. Martínez García, Javier; de Vaan, Michiel (2014) Introduction to Avestan (Brill Introductions to Indo-European Languages; 1)‎, Brill, →ISBN, page 32: “*matsia̯- ‘fish’”
  4. Lipp, Reiner (2009) Die indogermanischen und einzelsprachlichen Palatale im Indoiranischen: Neurekonstruktion, Nuristan-Sprachen, Genese der indoarischen Retroflexe, Indoarisch von Mitanni (Indogermanische Bibliothek; 3) (in German), volume 1, Heidelberg: Winter, page 150
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