Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-Iranian/náHuš

This Proto-Indo-Iranian entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Indo-Iranian

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *néh₂us.

Noun

*náHuš f

boat

Declension

masculine u-stem
	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*náHuš	*náHuH	*náHawas
vocative	*náHaw	*náHuH	*náHawas
accusative	*náHum	*náHuH	*náHunš
instrumental	*náHuH	*náHubʰyaH	*náHubʰiš
ablative	*náHawš	*náHubʰyaH	*náHubʰyas
dative	*náHaway	*náHubʰyaH	*náHubʰyas
genitive	*náHawš	*náHuwaHs	*náHunām?
locative	*náHā(w)?	*náHuwaw	*náHušu

Derived terms

*naHwiyás (“boatable, navigable”)
*naHuHaȷ́ás (“navigator”)
*naHwipátiš (“master of boats”)
- Proto-Iranian: *naHwipátiš
  - Old Persian: *𐎴𐎠𐎺𐎳𐎫 (*n-a-v-f-t /*nāvafáti/)
    - Middle Persian: (/*nāwbid/)
      Book Pahlavi: [Book Pahlavi needed] (*nʾwpt')
      - → Aramaic: נופתא‎ (nwptʔ /nawpatha/, “boat captain”)
    - → Parthian: (/*nāwbad/)
      Inscriptional Parthian: [script needed] (*nʾwpt)
      - → Old Armenian: նաւապետ (nawapet)
*naHuyáH (“navigable stream”)
- Proto-Indo-Aryan: *naHuyáH
  - Sanskrit: नाव्या (navyā́)
- Proto-Nuristani: *nāwyā́ (“mill race”) (see there for further descendants)

Descendants

Proto-Indo-Aryan: *náHuṣ
- Sanskrit: नौ (naú), नावा (nāvā́)
  - Helu:
    - Dhivehi: ނަވު‎ (navu), ނާ‎ (nā)
    - Sinhalese: නැව (næwa)
  - Maharastri Prakrit: 𑀡𑀸𑀯𑀸 (ṇāvā)
  - Magadhi Prakrit:
    - Assamese: নাও (naü)
  - ⇒ Maharastri Prakrit: *𑀡𑀸𑀯𑀸-𑀟-𑀅 (*ṇāvā-ḍa-a)
    - Old Marathi:
      Modi: 𑘡𑘰𑘪𑘚𑘰 (nāvaḍā), 𑘡𑘰𑘪𑘰𑘚𑘰 (nāvāḍā)
      
      Devanagari: नावडा (nāvaḍā), नावाडा (nāvāḍā)
  - ⇒ Maharastri Prakrit: *𑀡𑀸𑀯𑀸-𑀟-𑀇𑀅 (*ṇāvā-ḍa-ia)
    - Marathi: नावाडी (nāvāḍī)
  - Paisaci Prakrit:
    - Takka Apabhramsa:
      - Punjabi:
        Gurmukhi: ਨਾਵ (nāv)
        
        Shahmukhi: ناوَ‎ (nāva)
  - ⇒ Paisaci Prakrit:
    - Vracada Apabhramsa:
      - Sindhi:
        Arabic: نَائُڪ‎
        
        Devanagari: नाउक
  - Pali: nāvā
  - Sauraseni Prakrit: 𑀡𑀸𑀯𑀸 (ṇāvā)
    - Gujarati: નાવ (nāv) / ناؤ (nāv)
    - Hindustani:
      Hindi: नाव (nāv)
      
      Urdu: ناؤ‎ (nāv)
Proto-Iranian: *náHuš (see there for further descendants)

References

Adams, Douglas Q. (2013), “newiya”, in A Dictionary of Tocharian B: Revised and Greatly Enlarged (Leiden Studies in Indo-European; 10), Amsterdam, New York: Rodopi, →ISBN, page 364

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