< Reconstruction:Proto-Iranian

Reconstruction:Proto-Iranian/čášma

This Proto-Iranian entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Iranian

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-Iranian *čáćšma, from Proto-Indo-European *kʷéḱ-s-mn̥, from *kʷeḱ-.

Noun

*čášma n[1]

  1. eye

Descendants
  • Central Iranian:
    • Avestan: 𐬗𐬀𐬱𐬨𐬀𐬥‎ (cašman)
  • Northeastern Iranian:
    • Proto-Scythian: *cášma
      • Old Ossetic: *cásm (“loop, noose”)
      • Proto-Saka-Wakhi: *cášma (“eye”)
        • Khotanese: [script needed] (tcęimä)
        • Wakhi: č̣əẓ̌m
    • Sogdo-Bactrian:
      • Khwarezmian: څم‎ (cm /cam/)
      • Sogdian: (/čašm/)
        Manichaean script: 𐫝𐫢𐫖‎ (cšm)
        Sogdian script: [script needed] (cšm)
        Syriac script: ܨܫܡ‎ (cšm)
  • Southeastern Iranian:
    • Proto-Sanglechi-Ishkashimi:
      • Ishkashimi: [script needed] (cām)
      • Sanglechi: [script needed] (cāṃ)
    • Proto-Shughni-Yazghulami-Munji:
      • Proto-Munji-Yidgha:
        • Munji: [script needed] (cam)
        • Yidgha: څم‎ (cam), چم‎ (čam)
      • Proto-Shughni-Yazghulami:
        • Proto-Shughni-Roshani:
          • Sarikoli: cem
          • Shughni: cēm, cīm
        • Yazghulami: [script needed] (cam), [script needed] (cām)
  • Northwestern Iranian:
    • Baluchi: چم‎ (čam)
    • Kurdish:
      Central Kurdish: چاو‎ (çaw)
      Northern Kurdish: çav
      Southern Kurdish: چاو‎ (çaw), چەو‎ (çew)
      Laki: چەم‎ (çem)
    • Proto-Medo-Parthian:
      • Caspian:
        • Gilaki: چشم‎ (čəšm), چشم‎ (čašm), چوشم‎ (čušm), چوم‎ (čum)
        • Mazanderani: چش‎ (češ)
      • Old Median: *čášma
        • Kermanic:
          • Yazdi: چم‎ (čem)
          • Zoroastrian Dari: چم‎ (čam)
        • Proto-Tatic:
          • Talysh: (/čaš(m)/)
            Arabic script: چش‎, چشم‎
            Latin script: çəş, çəşm
          • Old Tati:
            Old Azari: چشم‎ (čušm, čašm)
            • Harzani: چش (čoš)
            • Karingani: چوش (čöš), چاش (čāš)
      • Parthian:
        Manichaean script: 𐫝𐫢𐫖‎ (čšm /čašm/)
      • Zaza-Gurani:
        Gurani: چەم‎ (čam)
        Zazaki: çım
  • Southwestern Iranian:
    • Old Persian: 𐎨𐏁𐎠𐎶𐎴 (c-š-a-m-n /cašman-/)
      • Middle Persian: (/čašm/)
        Manichaean script: 𐫝𐫢𐫖‎ (čšm)
        Book Pahlavi script: [Book Pahlavi needed] (AYNE), [script needed] (čšm)
        Psalter Pahlavi script: 𐮀𐮈𐮌𐮇‎ (AYNH̠)
        • Lurish:
          Northern Luri: چٱش‎ (čaš)
          Bakhtiari: چٱش‎ (čaš)
        • Classical Persian: چشم‎ (čašm)
          Dari: چشم‎ (čašm)
          Iranian Persian: چشم‎ (čašm, češm)
          Tajik: чашм (čašm)
          Tat: [script needed] (čÿm)
  • → Arabic: جَحْمَة‎ f (jaḥma) (Yemen, obsolete)

References
  1. Rastorgujeva, V. S.; Edelʹman, D. I. (2000–), “*čášman-”, in Etimologičeskij slovarʹ iranskix jazykov [Etymological Dictionary of Iranian Languages] (in Russian), Moscow: Vostochnaya Literatura, pages 238-241
This article is issued from Wiktionary. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.