< Reconstruction:Proto-Iranian

Reconstruction:Proto-Iranian/máxšiH

This Proto-Iranian entry contains reconstructed words and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Iranian

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-Iranian *mákšiH.

Noun

*máxšiH ~ *maxšyáHh f [1][2][3]

  1. midge, fly

Descendants
  • Central Iranian:
    • Avestan: 𐬨𐬀𐬑𐬱𐬌‎ (maxši), 𐬨𐬀𐬑𐬱𐬌𐬐𐬀‎ (maxšika)
      • → Middle Persian:
        Book Pahlavi: [Term?] (/maxš/)
  • Northeastern Iranian:
    • Khotanese: [script needed] (m̮āta)
    • Sogdian:
      Sogdian: 𐼺𐼴𐼶𐽁𐼸‎ (mwxšk /moxšk/)
      Old Sogdian: 𐼍𐼇𐼄𐼙𐼋‎ (mwɣšk), 𐼍𐼇𐼄𐼙𐼋𐼁‎ (mwɣškʾ /muxšk/)
  • Southeastern Iranian:
    • Munji-Yidgha: [Term?]
      • Munji: [script needed] (mōxši)
      • Yidgha: [script needed] (maxšë)
    • Ormuri:
      Kaniguram: [script needed] (míši)
    • Pashto: مچ‎ (məč, muč, “fly, horsefly”) (or borrowed from Dardic[4])
      Bangash: مچ‎ (mač)
      Mahsudi: مچ‎ (mač)
      Waziri: مچ‎ (məč)
      • ⇒ Pashto: مچۍ‎ (mučə́y, məčə́y, “bee”)
        Bangash: مچۍ‎ (mačə́y)
        Mahsudi: مچۍ‎ (máčə)
        Southeastern Pashto:
        Bannu: مچکۍ‎ (mačkay)
        Waziri: مچۍ‎ (məčəy)
    • Pashto: ماشه‎ (mā́ša), ماشی‎ (mā́šay, “mosquito; midge”) (< *maxšyáHh)
      • → Semnani: [script needed] (māṣai)
  • Northwestern Iranian:
    • Kurdish: (“fly, honeybee”)
      Central Kurdish: مێ‌‌ش‎ (mêş)
    • Kermanic: (“mosquito”)
      Abuzeydabadi, Abyanehi, Badrudi, Bidhandi, Farizandi, Qohrudi, Yarandi: mās
      Abyanehi: mōs
    • Kermanic: (“fly”)
      Abyanehi, Bidhandi, Tarehi: māš
      Abyanehi: māša
      Delijani: mās
      Farizandi, Jowshaqani: maš
      Zefrehi: mēš

References
  1. Efimov, Valentin Aleksandrovič (2011) The Ormuri Language in Past and Present (FLI Language and Culture Series)‎, volume 6, Islamabad: Forum for Language Initiatives, page 290: “*máxšī”
  2. Novák, Ľubomír (2013) Problem of Archaism and Innovation in the Eastern Iranian Languages (PhD dissertation)‎, Prague: Univerzita Karlova v Praze, filozofická fakulta, page 178
  3. Bailey, H. W. (1979), “m̮āta-”, in Dictionary of Khotan Saka, Cambridge, London, New York, Melbourne: Cambridge University press, page 328
  4. Morgenstierne, Georg (1927), “mač”, in An Etymological Vocabulary of Pashto (Skrifter utgitt av det Norske Videnskapsakademi i Oslo; 3), Oslo: J. Dybwad
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