Reconstruction:Proto-Kartvelian/č̣ed-

This Proto-Kartvelian entry contains reconstructed words and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Kartvelian

Root

*č̣ed-

to hammer in, nail, forge

Descendants

Proto-Georgian-Zan:
- ⇒ Old Georgian: ჭედვა (č̣edva), ჭედავს (č̣edavs)
- Zan:
  - ⇒ Laz: ჭკადუმს (č̣ḳadums)
  - ⇒ Mingrelian: ჭკადუა (č̣ḳadua), ჭკადუნს (č̣ḳaduns)
⇒ Svan: ლიშკა̈̄დი (lišḳǟdi), აშკა̈̄დი (ašḳǟdi), მჷშკა̈̄დი (məšḳǟdi)

Derived terms

⇒ Proto-Kartvelian: *m-č̣ed-el- (“smith, blacksmith”)
- Proto-Georgian-Zan:
  - Old Georgian: მჭედელი (mč̣edeli)
    - Georgian: მჭედელი (mč̣edeli) (see there for further descendants)
  - Zan:
    - Mingrelian: ჭკადუ (č̣ḳadu)
- Svan: მჷშკიდ (məšḳid)
⇒ Proto-Georgian-Zan: *č̣ed-il- (“forged, wrought”)

References

Klimov, G. A. (1998) Etymological Dictionary of the Kartvelian Languages (Trends in linguistics. Documentation; 16), New York, Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter, page 320, 133
Penrixi (Fähnrich), Hainc; Sarǯvelaʒe, Zurab (2000) Kartvelur enata eṭimologiuri leksiḳoni [Etymological Dictionary of the Kartvelian Languages] (in Georgian), Tbilisi: Tbilisi Sulkhan-Saba Orbeliani State University Press, pages 682–683
Fähnrich, Heinz (2007) Kartwelisches Etymologisches Wörterbuch [Kartvelian Etymological Dictionary] (Handbuch der Orientalistik; VIII.18) (in German), Leiden, Boston: Brill, pages 666–667

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