Reconstruction:Proto-Malayo-Polynesian/qayam

This Proto-Malayo-Polynesian entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Malayo-Polynesian

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ʔajam/, /qajam/

Noun

*qayam

domesticated animal (animals that are tame)
pet
toy; plaything

Verb

*qayam

to play

Descendants

Western Malayo-Polynesian: *qayam
- Borneo-Philippine:
  - Kayanic:
    - Murik (Malaysia): ayam
  - North Borneo:
    - Southwest Sabah:
      - Central Dusun: tayam
      - Coastal Kadazan: tazam
      - Rungus: azam
  - Proto-Philippine: *qayam
    - Greater Central Philippine:
      - Central Philippine:
        Bikol:
        Bikol Central: ayam
        Iriga Bicolano: ayam
        Northern Catanduanes Bicolano: ayam
        Southern Catanduanes Bicolano: ayam
        Mansaka: ayam
        Tagalog: ayam
        Visayan:
        Cebuan:
        Cebuano: ayam
        Central Visayan:
        Hiligaynon: ayam
        Romblomanon: ayam
        Waray-Waray: ayam
        Western Visayan:
        Aklanon: ayam
        Inonhan: ayam
        Kinaray-a: ayam
      - Danao:
        Maranao: ayam
      - Manobo:
        Kagayanen: ayam
        Sarangani Manobo: ayam-ayam
        Western Bukidnon Manobo: ayam
    - Northern Luzon:
      - Gaddang: ayam
      - Isnag: ayam
      - Itawit: ayam
      - Lubuagan Kalinga: ayam
    - South Mindanao:
      - Tiruray: ayam
- Celebic:
  - Dampelas: neang
  - Pamona: aja
- Palauan: charm
- Proto-Sunda-Sulawesi:
  - Proto-Malayo-Sumbawan:
    - Balinese: ayam
    - Proto-Malayic: *hayam
      - Brunei Malay: ayam
      - Iban: ayam
      - Malay: ayam / hayam / ايم‎ / هايم‎
        Indonesian: ayam
      - Urak Lawoi': ฮายับ (hayap)
    - Sundanese: hayam
  - Old Javanese: hayam, ayam

Related terms

*manuk

External links

Blust's Austronesian Comparative Dictionary – *qayam

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