< Reconstruction:Proto-Ryukyuan

Reconstruction:Proto-Ryukyuan/kara

This Proto-Ryukyuan entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Ryukyuan

Etymology 1

From Proto-Japonic *kara (“course, way”).

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): /kaɾa/

Particle

*kara

  1. ablative marker
Descendants
  • Northern Ryukyuan:
    • Kikai: はら (hara)
    • Kunigami: ちゃら (chara)
    • Northern Amami-Oshima: か゚ら (xara)
    • Okinawan: から (kara)
    • Oki-No-Erabu: から (kara)
    • Toku-No-Shima: か゚ら (xara)
    • Yoron: はら (hara)
  • Southern Ryukyuan:

Etymology 2

From Proto-Japonic *kara (“sharp of flavor; harsh”).

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): /kara/

Adjective

*kara

  1. sharp of flavor
    1. salty
    2. spicy
    3. strong (of alcohol)
  2. harsh
Descendants
  • Northern Ryukyuan:
    • Kunigami: 辛ーせん, 苛ーせん, 鹹ーせん (harāsen)
    • Northern Amami-Oshima: 辛さり, 苛さり, 鹹さり (xarasari)
    • Okinawan: 辛さん, 苛さん, 鹹さん (karasan)
    • Toku-No-Shima: 辛さい, 苛さい, 鹹さい (karasai)
    • Yoron: 辛さん, 苛さん, 鹹さん (harasan)
  • Southern Ryukyuan:
    • Miyako: 辛, 苛, 鹹 (kara)
    • Yaeyama: 辛さん, 苛さん, 鹹さん (karasan)
    • Yonaguni: 辛ん, 苛ん, 鹹ん (karan)
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