< Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic
Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/žьltъ
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This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Slavic
Etymology
From Proto-Balto-Slavic *gilˀtas, akin to Lithuanian gel̃tas (stress pattern 4), Latvian dzȩlts (dialectal, standard dzeltens). Classically derived from Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰl̥h₃tós from *ǵʰelh₃- (“to sprout, to shine”), similar to Proto-Slavic *zelenъ (“green”), *zoltъ (“golden”). This reconstruction however does not explain the palatalized *ž-.
Declension
Indefinite declension of *žьltъ (hard)
| Singular | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | *žьltъ | *žьlta | *žьlto |
| Accusative | *žьltъ | *žьltǫ | *žьlto |
| Genitive | *žьlta | *žьlty | *žьlta |
| Locative | *žьltě | *žьltě | *žьltě |
| Dative | *žьltu | *žьltě | *žьltu |
| Instrumental | *žьltomь | *žьltojǫ | *žьltomь |
| Vocative | *žьlte | *žьlto | *žьlto |
| Dual | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter |
| Nominative | *žьlta | *žьltě | *žьltě |
| Accusative | *žьlta | *žьltě | *žьltě |
| Genitive | *žьltu | *žьltu | *žьltu |
| Locative | *žьltu | *žьltu | *žьltu |
| Dative | *žьltoma | *žьltama | *žьltoma |
| Instrumental | *žьltoma | *žьltama | *žьltoma |
| Vocative | *žьlta | *žьltě | *žьltě |
| Plural | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter |
| Nominative | *žьlti | *žьlty | *žьlta |
| Accusative | *žьlty | *žьlty | *žьlta |
| Genitive | *žьltъ | *žьltъ | *žьltъ |
| Locative | *žьltěxъ | *žьltaxъ | *žьltěxъ |
| Dative | *žьltomъ | *žьltamъ | *žьltomъ |
| Instrumental | *žьlty | *žьltami | *žьlty |
| Vocative | *žьlti | *žьlty | *žьlta |
Definite declension of *žьltъ (hard)
| Singular | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | *žьltъjь | *žьltaja | *žьltoje |
| Accusative | *žьltъjь | *žьltǫjǫ | *žьltoje |
| Genitive | *žьltajego | *žьltyję | *žьltajego |
| Locative | *žьltějemь | *žьltěji | *žьltějemь |
| Dative | *žьltujemu | *žьltěji | *žьltujemu |
| Instrumental | *žьltyjimi | *žьltǫjǫ | *žьltyjimi |
| Vocative | *žьltъjь | *žьltaja | *žьltoje |
| Dual | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter |
| Nominative | *žьltaja | *žьltěji | *žьltěji |
| Accusative | *žьltaja | *žьltěji | *žьltěji |
| Genitive | *žьltuju | *žьltuju | *žьltuju |
| Locative | *žьltuju | *žьltuju | *žьltuju |
| Dative | *žьltyjima | *žьltyjima | *žьltyjima |
| Instrumental | *žьltyjima | *žьltyjima | *žьltyjima |
| Vocative | *žьltaja | *žьltěji | *žьltěji |
| Plural | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter |
| Nominative | *žьltiji | *žьltyję | *žьltaja |
| Accusative | *žьltyję | *žьltyję | *žьltaja |
| Genitive | *žьltъjixъ | *žьltъjixъ | *žьltъjixъ |
| Locative | *žьltyjixъ | *žьltyjixъ | *žьltyjixъ |
| Dative | *žьltyjimъ | *žьltyjimъ | *žьltyjimъ |
| Instrumental | *žьltyjimi | *žьltyjimi | *žьltyjimi |
| Vocative | *žьltiji | *žьltyję | *žьltaja |
See also
| *bělъ (of animals) *bronъ |
*sivъ, *śěrъ, *śědъ | *čьrnъ, *smaglъ/*smǫglъ (of animals) *vornъ, *galъ |
| *čьrvenъ, *ryďь, *ruměnъ | *rudъ, *granivъ; *smědъ, (of animals) *gnědъ |
*žьltъ (of animals) *solvъ; *polvъ |
| *zelenъ | *zelenъ, *grěnъ | |
| *polvъ | *siňь; *modrъ | |
| *slivъ | *bagrъ |
Descendants
- East Slavic:
- South Slavic:
- West Slavic:
Further reading
- Vasmer, Max (1964–1973), “жёлтый”, in Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), transl. and suppl. by Oleg Trubachyov, Moscow: Progress
- Georgiev V. I., editor (1971), “жълт”, in Български етимологичен речник [Bulgarian Etymological Dictionary] (in Bulgarian), volume 1, Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, page 563
- жовтий in Горох.ua
- “geltonas”, in Lietuvių kalbos etimologinio žodyno duomenų bazė [Lithuanian etymological dictionary database], 2007–2012
References
- Derksen, Rick (2008), “*žьltъ”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 565: “adj. o ‘yellow’”
- Snoj, Marko (2016), “žolt”, in Slovenski etimološki slovar3 (in Slovene), https://fran.si: “Pslovan. *žь̑ltъ”
- Olander, Thomas (2001), “žьltъ žьlta žьlto”, in Common Slavic accentological word list, Copenhagen: Editiones Olander: “b guld (PR 136)”
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