< Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic
Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/žьrtva
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This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Slavic
Etymology
From *žьrti (“to sacrifice”) + *-tva, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *girʔ-, from Proto-Indo-European *gʷerH-.
Declension
Declension of *žьrtva (hard a-stem)
| Singular | Dual | Plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | *žьrtva | *žьrtvě | *žьrtvy |
| Accusative | *žьrtvǫ | *žьrtvě | *žьrtvy |
| Genitive | *žьrtvy | *žьrtvu | *žьrtvъ |
| Locative | *žьrtvě | *žьrtvu | *žьrtvasъ, *žьrtvaxъ* |
| Dative | *žьrtvě | *žьrtvama | *žьrtvamъ |
| Instrumental | *žьrtvojǫ, *žьrtvǫ** | *žьrtvama | *žьrtvami |
| Vocative | *žьrtvo | *žьrtvě | *žьrtvy |
* -asъ is the expected Balto-Slavic form but is found only in some Old Czech documents; -axъ is found everywhere else and is formed by analogy with other locative plurals in -xъ.
** The second form occurs in languages that contract early across /j/ (e.g. Czech), while the first form occurs in languages that do not (e.g. Russian).
** The second form occurs in languages that contract early across /j/ (e.g. Czech), while the first form occurs in languages that do not (e.g. Russian).
Related terms
- *gornъ
- *žьrьcь (“priest”)
Descendants
- East Slavic:
- South Slavic:
- Non-Slavic:
- → Romanian: jertfă
References
- Derksen, Rick (2008) Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 566
- Vasmer, Max (1964–1973), “жертва”, in Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), transl. and suppl. by Oleg Trubachyov, Moscow: Progress
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