Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/žely

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Alternative forms

*žьlva f, *žьlvъ m

Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Probably from Proto-Indo-European *gʰelu-, *gʰelew- ,*gʰelōw- (“tortoise, turtle-like animals”). Compare Ancient Greek χέλυς (khélus, “tortoise”).

Noun

*želỳ f[1]

turtle, tortoise

Inflection

Declension of *želỳ (v-stem, accent paradigm b)

	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	*želỳ	*želъ̀vi	*želъ̀vi
Accusative	*želъ̀vь	*želъ̀vi	*želъ̀vi
Genitive	*želъ̀ve	*želъ̀vu	*želъ̀vъ
Locative	*želъ̀ve	*želъ̀vu	želъ̀vьxъ, želъ̀vaxъ^*
Dative	*želъ̀vi	želъ̀vьma, želъ̀vama^*	želъ̀vьmъ, želъ̀vamъ^*
Instrumental	želъ̀vьjǫ, želъ̀vľǭ^**	želъ̀vьma, želъ̀vama^*	želъ̀vьmī, želъ̀vamī^*
Vocative	*želỳ	*želъ̀vi	*želъ̀vi

^* -ьmъ/etc. are the original consonant-stem endings, while -amъ/etc. are later Common Slavic endings formed by analogy with a-stems.
^** The second form occurs in languages that contract early across /j/ (e.g. Czech), while the first form occurs in languages that do not (e.g. Russian).

Descendants

East Slavic:
- Old East Slavic: желва (želva), желвъ (želvŭ), жолвъ (žolvŭ, “turtle; hedgehog”)
  - Old Ruthenian: желва (želva), желвъ (želv), желъвъ (želv), жолвъ (žolv), жꙋлвъ (žulv, “turtle; seashell”)[2]
    - Ukrainian: желв (želv) (archaic, rare)
  - Russian: желвь (želvʹ), жолвь (žolvʹ) (obsolete, rare)
South Slavic:
- Old Church Slavonic:
  - Bulgarian: же́лва (žélva); жъ́лва (žǎ́lva) (dialectal)
  - Church Slavonic: желы (žely), желъве (želŭve) (Russian)
- Serbo-Croatian:
  Cyrillic: же̑лва̄ (“sea turtle”)
  
  Latin: žȇlvā (“sea turtle”)
  ⇒ Cyrillic: же̑љка
  
  ⇒ Latin: žȇljka
- Slovene: žẹ́lva
West Slavic:
- Czech: želva (“tortoise, turtle, terrapin; old woman”)
- Old Polish: żółw
  - Polish: żółw m
- Slovak: želva
- Sorbian:
  - Lower Sorbian: žołw
  - ⇒ Upper Sorbian: žołwja, želwja

References

Derksen, Rick (2008), “*žely II”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 557
Hrynchyshyn, D. H., editor (2002), “желва / желвъ”, in Словник української мови XVI – I пол. XVII ст. [Dictionary of the Ukrainian Language: 16ᵗʰ – 1ˢᵗ half of 17ᵗʰ c.] (in Ukrainian), issue 9 (дѣдичъ – загонити), Lviv: KIUS, →ISBN, page 139

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[1] Derksen, Rick (2008), “*žely II”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 557

[2] Hrynchyshyn, D. H., editor (2002), “желва / желвъ”, in Словник української мови XVI – I пол. XVII ст. [Dictionary of the Ukrainian Language: 16ᵗʰ – 1ˢᵗ half of 17ᵗʰ c.] (in Ukrainian), issue 9 (дѣдичъ – загонити), Lviv: KIUS, →ISBN, page 139