< Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic
Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/žica
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This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Slavic
Etymology
Mostly likely from Proto-Indo-European *gʷiH- + *-ka[1] (unless contracted from an earlier *žitьca[1]). Akin to Lithuanian gijà (“thread (in warp)”), Latvian dzija (“thread”) within Balto-Slavic and further related to Sanskrit जिया (jiyā), ज्या (jyā, “bowstring”), Avestan 𐬘𐬌𐬌𐬁 (jiiā), Old Persian [script needed] (ǰiyā), Welsh giau (“nerves, sinew”), Ancient Greek βιός (biós, “bowstring”).
Inflection
Declension of *žìca (soft a-stem, accent paradigm a)
| Singular | Dual | Plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | *žìca | *žìci | *žìcę̇ |
| Accusative | *žìcǫ | *žìci | *žìcę̇ |
| Genitive | *žìcę̇ | *žìcu | *žìcь |
| Locative | *žìcī | *žìcu | *žìcāsъ |
| Dative | *žìcī | *žìcama | *žìcāmъ |
| Instrumental | *žìcējǫ, *žìcǭ* | *žìcama | *žìcāmī |
| Vocative | *žìce | *žìci | *žìcę̇ |
* The second form occurs in languages that contract early across /j/ (e.g. Czech), while the first form occurs in languages that do not (e.g. Russian).
Derived terms
- *žičьka, *žičica (diminutive)
- *žičьnъ (“wiry”)
- *žičьnikъ (“knurl, knot within thread”)
Related terms
- *žikati (“to lash, to prod”)
- *žila (“vein, sinew, tendon”) (possibly)
- *žima, *žiňa (“strand, yarn (of hair)”) (possibly)
Descendants
Further reading
- Vasmer, Max (1964–1973), “жихать”, in Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), transl. and suppl. by Oleg Trubachyov, Moscow: Progress
- Georgiev V. I., editor (1971), “жица”, in Български етимологичен речник [Bulgarian Etymological Dictionary] (in Bulgarian), volume 1, Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, page 549
- “gija”, in Lietuvių kalbos etimologinio žodyno duomenų bazė [Lithuanian etymological dictionary database], 2007–2012
References
- Snoj, Marko (2016), “žica”, in Slovenski etimološki slovar3 (in Slovene), https://fran.si: “Pslovan. *ži̋ca”
- Derksen, Rick (2008), “*žìca”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 561
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