Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/ǫtъka

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

*ǫ̀tъka

Etymology

Originally a diminutive form of *ǫtь (“duck”) +‎ *-ъka (“diminutive suffix”), perhaps extending back to Proto-Balto-Slavic *ánˀtukāˀ. Cognate with Lithuanian antuka (“wader”), añtukas (“wheatear”).

Noun

*ǫ̀tъka f

duck
Synonyms: *kačьka, *putъka, *šatъka

Declension

Declension of *ǫtъka (hard a-stem)

	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	*ǫtъka	*ǫtъcě	*ǫtъky
Accusative	*ǫtъkǫ	*ǫtъcě	*ǫtъky
Genitive	*ǫtъky	*ǫtъku	*ǫtъkъ
Locative	*ǫtъcě	*ǫtъku	ǫtъkasъ, ǫtъkaxъ^*
Dative	*ǫtъcě	*ǫtъkama	*ǫtъkamъ
Instrumental	ǫtъkojǫ, ǫtъkǫ^**	*ǫtъkama	*ǫtъkami
Vocative	*ǫtъko	*ǫtъcě	*ǫtъky

^* -asъ is the expected Balto-Slavic form but is found only in some Old Czech documents; -axъ is found everywhere else and is formed by analogy with other locative plurals in -xъ.
^** The second form occurs in languages that contract early across /j/ (e.g. Czech), while the first form occurs in languages that do not (e.g. Russian).

Related terms

*ǫtь (“duck”)
- *ǫtę (“duckling”)
  - *ǫtenъkъ (“duckling”) (diminutive, East Slavic)
  - *ǫtęťь (“duck-related”) (East Slavic)
- *ǫtica (“duck”) (diminutive)
- *ǫtìnъ (“duck-related”) (East Slavic)
- *ǫty (“duck”)

Descendants

East Slavic:
- Old East Slavic: ꙋтъка (utŭka)
  - Belarusian: ву́тка (vútka), ву́так (vútak) (dialectal)
  - Russian: у́тка (útka)
    - ⇒ Russian: Утка (Utka) (toponym)
  - Ukrainian: у́тка (útka), ву́тка (vútka); ву́так (vútak) (West Polissian dialect)
South Slavic:
- Bulgarian: у́тка (útka) (dialectal)
- Macedonian: утка (utka, “owl”)