Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/bezdъna

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

From *bez- (“without”) +‎ *dъno (“bottom”) +‎ *-a. Compare Ancient Greek ἄβυσσος (ábussos), Sanskrit अगाध (agādha, “fathomless; abyss, chasm”) for a similar formation.

Noun

*bezdъna f

abyss

Inflection

Declension of *bezdъna (hard a-stem)

	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	*bezdъna	*bezdъně	*bezdъny
Accusative	*bezdъnǫ	*bezdъně	*bezdъny
Genitive	*bezdъny	*bezdъnu	*bezdъnъ
Locative	*bezdъně	*bezdъnu	bezdъnasъ, bezdъnaxъ^*
Dative	*bezdъně	*bezdъnama	*bezdъnamъ
Instrumental	bezdъnojǫ, bezdъnǫ^**	*bezdъnama	*bezdъnami
Vocative	*bezdъno	*bezdъně	*bezdъny

^* -asъ is the expected Balto-Slavic form but is found only in some Old Czech documents; -axъ is found everywhere else and is formed by analogy with other locative plurals in -xъ.
^** The second form occurs in languages that contract early across /j/ (e.g. Czech), while the first form occurs in languages that do not (e.g. Russian).

Descendants

East Slavic:
- Old East Slavic: бездъна (bezdŭna), бездьна (bezdĭna), бездна (bezdna)
  - Belarusian: бе́зма (bjézma) (dialectal)
  - Russian: бе́здна (bézdna)
  - Ukrainian: бе́зна (bézna) (dialectal)
South Slavic:
- Old Church Slavonic:
  Old Cyrillic: бездъна (bezdŭna)
  
  Glagolitic: ⰱⰵⰸⰴⱏⱀⰰ (bezdŭna)
- Bulgarian: бе́здна (bézdna)
- Macedonian: бездна (bezdna)
- Serbo-Croatian:
  Cyrillic: бѐздан
  
  Latin: bèzdan
- Slovene: brézno (tonal orthography)
West Slavic:
- Czech: bezdna
- Polish: bezdna, bezdnia, bezednia, bezdeń

Non-Slavic:
- → Romanian: beznă (“pitch-black”)

References

Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1975), “*bezdъbna”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological Dictionary of Slavic Languages] (in Russian), issue 2 (*bez – *bratrъ), Moscow: Nauka, page 21
Vasmer, Max (1964–1973), “бе́здна”, in Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), transl. and suppl. by Oleg Trubachyov, Moscow: Progress

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