< Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic
Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/daviti
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This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Slavic
Etymology
- Uhlenbeck, Miklosič, Vasmer: Cognate with Proto-Germanic *dawjaną (“to die”), Latin fūnus (“death”), Avestan 𐬛𐬀𐬎𐬎- (dauu-, “to crush, to oppress”) (attested as 𐬛𐬎𐬎𐬀𐬌𐬛𐬍 (duuaidī, 1 du. past middle)). Possibly from Proto-Indo-European *dʰōh₂w- + *-iti, from *dʰeh₂w- (per Derksen); elsewhere reconstructed as *dʰew- (“to die”). Further akin to Ancient Greek Ζεὺς θαύλιος (Zeùs thaúlios, “Zeus the strangler? (Phrygian god)”), Phrygian δάος (dáos, “wolf”).
- Less likely from Proto-Indo-European *dew- (“to plunge, to deplete”), with cognates Ancient Greek δύω (dúō, “to sink”), δέω (déō, “to lack”), Proto-West Germanic *teuʀōn (“to cease, to tire”).
Most West Slavic languages have intruded an unetymological *-l- to the onset of the root, probably influenced by the reflexes of Proto-Slavic *dolbiti (“to carve”).
Verb
Inflection
Conjugation of *daviti, *davi, *davitь (impf., -i-, s-aorist, accent paradigm b)
| Verbal noun | Infinitive | Supine | L-participle |
|---|---|---|---|
| *davľenьje | *daviti | *davitъ | *davilъ |
| Participles | ||
|---|---|---|
| Tense | Past | Present |
| Passive | *davľenъ | *davimъ |
| Active | *davľь | *davę |
| Aorist | Present | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Person | 1st | 2nd | 3rd | 1st | 2nd | 3rd |
| Singular | *davixъ | *davi | *davi | *davľǫ | *daviši | *davitь |
| Dual | *davixově | *davista | *daviste | *davivě | *davita | *davite |
| Plural | *davixomъ | *daviste | *davišę | *davimъ | *davite | *davętь |
| Imperfect | Imperative | |||||
| Person | 1st | 2nd | 3rd | 1st | 2nd | 3rd |
| Singular | *davľaaxъ | *davľaaše | *davľaaše | — | *davi | *davi |
| Dual | *davľaaxově | *davľaašeta | *davľaašete | *davivě | *davita | — |
| Plural | *davľaaxomъ | *davľaašete | *davľaaxǫ | *davimъ | *davite | — |
- Notes:
- (*)*davivъ is a later doublet of the past active participle
Derived terms
- *davežь
- *davidlo
- *udavьnikъ m, *udavьnica f (“drowner”)
Descendants
- East Slavic:
- South Slavic:
- West Slavic:
References
- Derksen, Rick (2008), “*dāvìti”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 97: “v. (b) ‘suffocate’”
- Olander, Thomas (2001), “daviti: davjǫ davitь”, in Common Slavic accentological word list, Copenhagen: Editiones Olander: “b press (PR 137)”
- Snoj, Marko (2016), “daviti”, in Slovenski etimološki slovar3 (in Slovene), https://fran.si: “Pslovan. *davi̋ti”
Further reading
- Chernykh, P. Ja. (1993), “дави́ть”, in Историко-этимологический словарь русского языка [Historical-Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), volume 1 (а – пантомима), 3rd edition, Moscow: Russian Lang., →ISBN, page 230
- Vasmer, Max (1964–1973), “дави́ть”, in Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), transl. and suppl. by Oleg Trubachyov, Moscow: Progress
- Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1977), “*daviti”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological Dictionary of Slavic Languages] (in Russian), issue 4 (*čaběniti – *děľa), Moscow: Nauka, page 198
- Georgiev V. I., editor (1971), “давя”, in Български етимологичен речник [Bulgarian Etymological Dictionary] (in Bulgarian), volume 1, Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, page 313
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