< Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic
Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/grivьna
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This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Slavic
Etymology
From *grìva + *-ьna.
Inflection
Declension of *grivьna (hard a-stem, accent paradigm a)
| Singular | Dual | Plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | *grivьna | *grivьně | *grivьny |
| Accusative | *grivьnǫ | *grivьně | *grivьny |
| Genitive | *grivьny | *grivьnu | *grivьnъ |
| Locative | *grivьně | *grivьnu | *grivьnasъ, *grivьnaxъ* |
| Dative | *grivьně | *grivьnama | *grivьnamъ |
| Instrumental | *grivьnojǫ, *grivьnǭ** | *grivьnama | *grivьnamī |
| Vocative | *grivьno | *grivьně | *grivьny |
* -asъ is the expected Balto-Slavic form but is found only in some Old Czech documents; -axъ is found everywhere else and is formed by analogy with other locative plurals in -xъ.
** The second form occurs in languages that contract early across /j/ (e.g. Czech), while the first form occurs in languages that do not (e.g. Russian).
** The second form occurs in languages that contract early across /j/ (e.g. Czech), while the first form occurs in languages that do not (e.g. Russian).
Descendants
- East Slavic:
- South Slavic:
- West Slavic:
Further reading
- Vasmer, Max (1964–1973), “гри́вна”, in Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), transl. and suppl. by Oleg Trubachyov, Moscow: Progress
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