< Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic

Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/klasti

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

Per LIV, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *klā́ˀtei + *-sti (dʰé-conjugation), perhaps back-formed from the proto dʰi-imperative, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *kleh₂-. Cognate with ye-presents Lithuanian klóti (“to spread”), Latvian klât (“to cover, spread”). Compare also Lithuanian klõdas (“layer, stratum”).

Dialectal Bulgarian also exhibits reflexes of athematic conjugation клам pf (klam, “to lay down”)[1], of unclear diachronic origin (could be a contraction of кла́вам (klávam)).

Verb

*klàsti impf[2][3][4]

  1. to put, to lay, to set down
    Synonyms: *postaviti, *polagati
  2. to stack, to pile, to deposit
    Synonyms: (native) *kupiti, *vъložiti
  3. (reflexive) (+ *sę) to provide for, to feed (oneself)

Alternative forms
  • *kladati

Conjugation
Conjugation of *klasti, *klade, *kladetь (impf., -C-, _/ox-aorist, accent paradigm c)
Verbal noun Infinitive Supine L-participle
*kladenьje *klasti *klastъ *kladlъ
Participles
Tense Past Present
Passive *kladenъ *kladomъ
Active *kladъ *klady
Aorist Present
Person 1st 2nd 3rd 1st 2nd 3rd
Singular *klad(ox)ъ*klade*klade *kladǫ*kladeši*kladetь
Dual *klad(ox)ově*klad(e/os)ta*klad(e/os)te *kladevě*kladeta*kladete
Plural *klad(ox)omъ*klad(e/os)te*kladǫ, *kladošę *klademъ*kladete*kladǫtь
Imperfect Imperative
Person 1st2nd3rd 1st2nd3rd
Singular *kladěaxъ*kladěaše*kladěaše —*kladi*kladi
Dual *kladěaxově*kladěašeta*kladěašete *kladěvě*kladěta—
Plural *kladěaxomъ*kladěašete*kladěaxǫ *kladěmъ*kladěte—

Derived terms

Verbs:

  • *doklasti, *dokladati
  • *naklasti, *nakladati
  • *sъklasti, *sъkladati
  • *o(b)klasti, *o(b)kladati
  • *orzklasti, *orzkladati
  • *perklasti, *perkladati
  • *podъklasti, *podъkladati
  • *priklasti, *prikladati
  • *uklasti, *ukladati
  • *vъklasti, *vъkladati
  • *zaklasti, *zakladati

Nouns:

  • *kladъ (“layout, symbol”)
    • *sъkladъ (“warehouse, storeroom”)
  • *klada (“stack”), *kladina (“pile, heap”)
  • *kladь (“load”), *klaďa (“provision, setup”)
  • *kladьba (verbal noun)
  • *kladivo (“provision, hoard”)
  • *kladьnъ, *kladьňь (“piled”)

Descendants
  • East Slavic:
    • Belarusian: кла́сці (klásci)
    • Russian: класть (klastʹ)
    • Ukrainian: кла́сти (klásty)
  • South Slavic:
  • West Slavic:
    • Old Czech: klásti
      • Czech: klást
        • Moravian (Mistřice): ku̯act
    • Polish: kłaść
    • Slovak: klásť
  • Non-Slavic:
    • → Romanian: clădi (“to build”)

Further reading

References
  1. Georgiev V. I., editor (1979), “клам”, in Български етимологичен речник [Bulgarian Etymological Dictionary] (in Bulgarian), volume 2, Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, page 415
  2. Derksen, Rick (2008), “*klasti”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 222: “v. ‘put’”
  3. Olander, Thomas (2001), “klasti: kladǫ kladetь”, in Common Slavic accentological word list, Copenhagen: Editiones Olander: “c (SA 208f., 252, 255; PR 139)”
  4. Snoj, Marko (2016), “-klȃdati”, in Slovenski etimološki slovar3 (in Slovene), https://fran.si: “od *kla̋sti, sed. *klȃdǫ”
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