< Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic
Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/korpa
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This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Slavic
Etymology
From a substantivation of Proto-Balto-Slavic *karˀpas (“rough, coarse”) + *-a, attested indirectly in Proto-Slavic *korpavъ, *korpatъ (extended with the auxiliary suffixes *-avъ, *-atъ). Cognate with Lithuanian karpà (“wart”), Latvian kãrpa (“callus”). Ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *(s)kerHp- (“to scrape, to abrade”), whence also *skorpavъ, *xorpavъ with identical meanings.
Formally similar to Proto-Slavic *korpъ (“carp”) of unclear origin (possibly substrate).
Declension
Declension of *korpa (hard a-stem)
| Singular | Dual | Plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | *korpa | *korpě | *korpy |
| Accusative | *korpǫ | *korpě | *korpy |
| Genitive | *korpy | *korpu | *korpъ |
| Locative | *korpě | *korpu | *korpasъ, *korpaxъ* |
| Dative | *korpě | *korpama | *korpamъ |
| Instrumental | *korpojǫ, *korpǫ** | *korpama | *korpami |
| Vocative | *korpo | *korpě | *korpy |
* -asъ is the expected Balto-Slavic form but is found only in some Old Czech documents; -axъ is found everywhere else and is formed by analogy with other locative plurals in -xъ.
** The second form occurs in languages that contract early across /j/ (e.g. Czech), while the first form occurs in languages that do not (e.g. Russian).
** The second form occurs in languages that contract early across /j/ (e.g. Czech), while the first form occurs in languages that do not (e.g. Russian).
Derived terms
- *korpavъ (“scabby”)
- *korpavica, *korpavъka
Descendants
- East Slavic:
- Belarusian: кура́па (kurápa)
- ⇒ Russian: коропа́вка (koropávka)
- Ukrainian: коро́па (korópa) (dialectal)
- ⇒ Ukrainian: коропа́вка (koropávka), коропа́виця (koropávycja), коропа́та жаба (koropáta žaba)
- South Slavic:
- ⇒ Slovene: krápavica (dialectal)
Further reading
- Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1984), “*korpa”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological Dictionary of Slavic Languages] (in Russian), issue 11 (*konьcь – *kotьna(ja)), Moscow: Nauka, page 90
- Vasmer, Max (1964–1973), “коропавка”, in Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), transl. and suppl. by Oleg Trubachyov, Moscow: Progress
- Melnychuk, O. S., editor (1985), “коропавий”, in Етимологічний словник української мови [Etymological Dictionary of the Ukrainian Language] (in Ukrainian), volume 2 (Д – Копці), Kyiv: Naukova Dumka, page 41
- “karpa”, in Lietuvių kalbos etimologinio žodyno duomenų bazė [Lithuanian etymological dictionary database], 2007–2012
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