Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/mьlknǫti

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

By surface analysis, equivalent to *mьlkъ +‎ *-nǫti. See *mьlčati for further discussion.

Verb

(South Slavic) *mьlknǫti pf (imperfective *mьlčati)[1]

(inchoative) to become silent, to shut up

(North Slavic) *mьlknǫti impf

(essive) to be calm, to keep quite

Inflection

Conjugation of *mьlknǫti, *mьlče, *mьlknetь (?, -C/n-, _/ox-aorist, accent paradigm ?)

Verbal noun	Infinitive	Supine	L-participle
*mьlčenьje	*mьlknǫti	*mьlknǫtъ	*mьlklъ

	Participles
Tense	Past	Present
Passive	*mьlčenъ	*mьlknomъ
Active	*mьlkъ	*mьlkny

	Aorist			Present
Person	1st	2nd	3rd	1st	2nd	3rd
Singular	*mьlk(ox)ъ	*mьlče	*mьlče	*mьlknǫ	*mьlkneši	*mьlknetь
Dual	*mьlk(ox)ově	*mьlk(e/os)ta	*mьlk(e/os)te	*mьlknevě	*mьlkneta	*mьlknete
Plural	*mьlk(ox)omъ	*mьlk(e/os)te	mьlkǫ, mьlkošę	*mьlknemъ	*mьlknete	*mьlknǫtь
	Imperfect			Imperative
Person	1st	2nd	3rd	1st	2nd	3rd
Singular	*mьlkněaxъ	*mьlkněaše	*mьlkněaše	—	*mьlkni	*mьlkni
Dual	*mьlkněaxově	*mьlkněašeta	*mьlkněašete	*mьlkněvě	*mьlkněta	—
Plural	*mьlkněaxomъ	*mьlkněašete	*mьlkněaxǫ	*mьlkněmъ	*mьlkněte	—

Aorist *mьlkeste ⇒ *mьlčeste, ...

Related terms

*mьlklivъ, *mьlklъ, *mьlkvъ
*mьlkota
*mьlkunъ
*mьlkъ

Descendants

East Slavic:
- Belarusian: мо́ўкнуць (móŭknucʹ)
- Russian: мо́лкнуть (mólknutʹ)
- Ukrainian: мо́вкнути (móvknuty)
South Slavic:
- Old Church Slavonic: млъкнѫти (mlŭknǫti)
- Bulgarian: млъ́кна (mlǎ́kna), млъ́кнувам (mlǎ́knuvam)
- Macedonian: молкне (molkne)
- Serbo-Croatian: му́кнути
West Slavic:
- Old Czech: mlknúti
  - Czech: mlknout
- Old Polish: milknąć
  - Polish: milknąć
- Slovak: mĺknuť
- Slovincian: ḿilknǫc, måłknoc
- Sorbian:
  - Upper Sorbian: mjelknyć, mjelknuć

References

Olander, Thomas (2001), “mьlknǫti: mьlknǫ mьlknetь”, in Common Slavic accentological word list, Copenhagen: Editiones Olander: “b (SA 211; PR 137)”

Vasmer, Max (1964–1973), “молкнуть”, in Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), transl. and suppl. by Oleg Trubachyov, Moscow: Progress
Chernykh, P. Ja. (1993), “молчать”, in Историко-этимологический словарь русского языка [Historical-Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), volume 1 (а – пантомима), 3rd edition, Moscow: Russian Lang., →ISBN, page 540
Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1994), “*mьlknǫti”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological Dictionary of Slavic Languages] (in Russian), issue 21 (*mъrskovatъjь – *nadějьnъjь), Moscow: Nauka, →ISBN, page 107
Georgiev V. I., Duridanov I., editor (1995), “млъкна, млъкнувам, млъквам”, in Български етимологичен речник [Bulgarian Etymological Dictionary] (in Bulgarian), volume 4, Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, page 173

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[1] Olander, Thomas (2001), “mьlknǫti: mьlknǫ mьlknetь”, in Common Slavic accentological word list, Copenhagen: Editiones Olander: “b (SA 211; PR 137)”