Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/rǫbiti

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *rambīˀtei, according to Pokorny, from Proto-Indo-European *remb- (“to notch, hack”).[1]

Related to Proto-Balto-Slavic *rámbas. Cognate with Lithuanian rumbúoti (“to hem”), rémbėti (“to become covered with scars”), rum̃bas / rùmbas (“notch, scar, waist (on clothing)”), Latvian robs (“notch”) < *rambs. Per Vasmer, possibly cognate with Old Norse ramr, rammr (“sharp, bitter”), rimma (“struggle”), Old High German ramft (“edge”). Per Chernykh, cognate with Middle High German rumpf (“torso”) (modern German Rumpf).

Verb

*rǫbìti

to chop
to hem

Inflection

Conjugation of *rǫbiti, *rǫbi, *rǫbitь (?, -i-, s-aorist, accent paradigm ?)

Suffix: *-iti
― iterative (*nositi⇐*nesti)
― causative (*pojiti⇐*piti)
― ...

Verbal noun	Infinitive	Supine	L-participle
*rǫbľenьje	*rǫbiti	*rǫbitъ	*rǫbilъ

	Participles
Tense	Past	Present
Passive	*rǫbľenъ	*rǫbimъ
Active	*rǫbľь	*rǫbę

	Aorist			Present
Person	1st	2nd	3rd	1st	2nd	3rd
Singular	*rǫbixъ	*rǫbi	*rǫbi	*rǫbľǫ	*rǫbiši	*rǫbitь
Dual	*rǫbixově	*rǫbista	*rǫbiste	*rǫbivě	*rǫbita	*rǫbite
Plural	*rǫbixomъ	*rǫbiste	*rǫbišę	*rǫbimъ	*rǫbite	*rǫbętь
	Imperfect			Imperative
Person	1st	2nd	3rd	1st	2nd	3rd
Singular	*rǫbľaaxъ	*rǫbľaaše	*rǫbľaaše	—	*rǫbi	*rǫbi
Dual	*rǫbľaaxově	*rǫbľaašeta	*rǫbľaašete	*rǫbivě	*rǫbita	—
Plural	*rǫbľaaxomъ	*rǫbľaašete	*rǫbľaaxǫ	*rǫbimъ	*rǫbite	—

(*)*rǫbivъ is a later doublet of the past active participle

Related terms

*rǫ̑bъ (“hem? coarse cloth?”)
*rǫbežь

Descendants

East Slavic:
- Old East Slavic: рꙋбити (rubiti)
  - ⇒ Belarusian: руба́ць (rubácʹ)
  - Russian: руби́ть (rubítʹ, “to chop, to fell”), 1sg. рублю́ (rubljú), 3sg. ру́бит (rúbit)
  - Ukrainian: руби́ти (rubýty)
    - ⇒ Ukrainian: рубати (rubaty)
South Slavic:
- Old Church Slavonic:
  Old Cyrillic: рѫбити (rǫbiti)
- Bulgarian: ръ́бя (rǎ́bja, “to hem”)
- Macedonian: раби (rabi, “to border”)
- Serbo-Croatian:
  Cyrillic: ру́бити (“to hem”), 1sg. ру̑бӣм
  
  Latin: rúbiti (“to hem”), 1sg. rȗbīm
  - Chakavian (Orbanići): rᵘobȉt (“to shell (nuts), to peel”), 3sg. rᵘõbin
- Slovene: rọ́biti (“to hem, to beat, to chop”) (tonal orthography), 1sg. rọ́bim (tonal orthography)
West Slavic:
- Czech: roubit (“to erect, (rarely) to hem, (archaic) to graft”)
- Old Polish: rąbić
  - Polish: rąbić, rębić (Middle Polish)
- ⇒ Slovak: rúbať (“to chop, to beat”)
- Sorbian:
  - ⇒ Upper Sorbian: rubać (“to chop”)
  - ⇒ Lower Sorbian: rubaś (“to chop”)

References

Chernykh, P. Ja. (1993), “руби́ть”, in Историко-этимологический словарь русского языка [Historical-Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), volume 2 (панцирь – ящур), 3rd edition, Moscow: Russian Lang., →ISBN, page 125
Derksen, Rick (2008), “*rǫbìti”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 439
Vasmer, Max (1964–1973), “руби́ть”, in Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), transl. and suppl. by Oleg Trubachyov, Moscow: Progress

Pokorny, Julius (1959) Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Indo-European Etymological Dictionary] (in German), volume 3, Bern, München: Francke Verlag, page 864-65

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[1] Pokorny, Julius (1959) Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Indo-European Etymological Dictionary] (in German), volume 3, Bern, München: Francke Verlag, page 864-65