Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/sęknǫti

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *sek-, *senk-, from Proto-Indo-European *sek-. Cognate with Lithuanian sèkti (“to subside (of water), to diminish (of strength)”) (1sg. senkù), Latvian sîkt (“to dry out”) (1sg. sîku), Sanskrit सश्चसि (saścasi, “dry out”, 2sg. imper. act.), असक्र (ásakra, “unquenchable”), Homeric Ancient Greek ἔσκετο φωνή (ésketo phōnḗ, “his voice broke down”). Vasmer adds Old Irish sesc (“dry, barren, not giving milk”), Welsh hysb (“dry”), Old English sīhte (“squishy”).

Verb

*sęknǫti

to dry out

Inflection

Conjugation of *sęknǫti, *sęče, *sęknetь (?, -C/n-, _/ox-aorist, accent paradigm ?)

Verbal noun	Infinitive	Supine	L-participle
*sęčenьje	*sęknǫti	*sęknǫtъ	*sęklъ

	Participles
Tense	Past	Present
Passive	*sęčenъ	*sęknomъ
Active	*sękъ	*sękny

	Aorist			Present
Person	1st	2nd	3rd	1st	2nd	3rd
Singular	*sęk(ox)ъ	*sęče	*sęče	*sęknǫ	*sękneši	*sęknetь
Dual	*sęk(ox)ově	*sęk(e/os)ta	*sęk(e/os)te	*sęknevě	*sękneta	*sęknete
Plural	*sęk(ox)omъ	*sęk(e/os)te	sękǫ, sękošę	*sęknemъ	*sęknete	*sęknǫtь
	Imperfect			Imperative
Person	1st	2nd	3rd	1st	2nd	3rd
Singular	*sękněaxъ	*sękněaše	*sękněaše	—	*sękni	*sękni
Dual	*sękněaxově	*sękněašeta	*sękněašete	*sękněvě	*sękněta	—
Plural	*sękněaxomъ	*sękněašete	*sękněaxǫ	*sękněmъ	*sękněte	—

Aorist *sękeste ⇒ *sęčeste, ...

Related terms

*sǫčiti (“to dry out, to dry up”)

Descendants

East Slavic:
- Old East Slavic: исикнꙋти (isiknuti, “to dry out”) (literary)
  - Russian: ся́кнуть (sjáknutʹ), исся́кнуть (issjáknutʹ, “to dry out”)
  - Ukrainian: сякну́ти (sjaknúty, “to blow (one's nose)”)
South Slavic:
- Old Church Slavonic:
  Cyrillic: исѧкнѫти (isęknǫti, “to dry out”), 1sg. исѧкнѫ (isęknǫ)
  
  Glagolitic: [Term?]
- Bulgarian: се́кна (sékna, “to stop, to fade away”)
- Macedonian: секне (sekne, “to blow (one's nose)”)
- Serbo-Croatian:
  Cyrillic: усе́кнути
  
  Latin: uséknuti
West Slavic:
- Czech: sáknout (“to ooze, to trickle, to wet”)
- Polish: siąknąć, wsiąknąć, sięknąć (“to dry out, to soak in, to blow (one's nose)”)
- Slovak: siaknuť (“to sniff, to blow (one's nose)”)
- Sorbian:
  - Upper Sorbian: saknyć (“to dry out, to dry up”)

References

Chernykh, P. Ja. (1993), “иссяка́ть”, in Историко-этимологический словарь русского языка [Historical-Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), volume 1 (а – пантомима), 3rd edition, Moscow: Russian Lang., →ISBN, page 359
Derksen, Rick (2008), “*sęknǫti”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 450
Vasmer, Max (1964–1973), “ся́кнуть”, in Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), transl. and suppl. by Oleg Trubachyov, Moscow: Progress

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