Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/sypati

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

Formally reflecting Proto-Balto-Slavic *sū́ˀptei (je-present). Baltic cognates include Lithuanian sū́puoti (“to rock, cradle”), Latvian supata (“protrusion”), Old Prussian suppis.

Verb

*sỳpati impf

to pour, strew

Inflection

Conjugation of *sypati, *sypa, *sypľetь (impf., -a/j-, s-aorist, accent paradigm a)

Suffix: *-ati

Verbal noun	Infinitive	Supine	L-participle
*sypanьje	*sypati	*sypatъ	*sypalъ

	Participles
Tense	Past	Present
Passive	*sypanъ	*sypľemъ
Active	*sypavъ	*sypľę

	Aorist			Present
Person	1st	2nd	3rd	1st	2nd	3rd
Singular	*sypaxъ	*sypa	*sypa	*sypľǫ	*sypľeši	*sypľetь
Dual	*sypaxově	*sypasta	*sypaste	*sypľevě	*sypľeta	*sypľete
Plural	*sypaxomъ	*sypaste	*sypašę	*sypľemъ	*sypľete	*sypľǫtь
	Imperfect			Imperative
Person	1st	2nd	3rd	1st	2nd	3rd
Singular	*sypaaxъ	*sypaaše	*sypaaše	—	*sypľi	*sypľi
Dual	*sypaaxově	*sypaašeta	*sypaašete	*sypľivě	*sypľita	—
Plural	*sypaaxomъ	*sypaašete	*sypaaxǫ	*sypľimъ	*sypľite	—

Derived terms

*sypъ (“lot, clump”)

Related terms

*suti (“to pour, strew”)
*svepiti (“to stir, to move”)
*sъpъ (“embankment”)

Descendants

East Slavic:
- Old East Slavic: сꙑпати (sypati)
  - Belarusian: сыпаць (sypacʹ)
  - Russian: сы́пать (sýpatʹ)
  - Ukrainian: си́пати (sýpaty)
South Slavic:
- Old Church Slavonic:
  Old Cyrillic script: сꙑпати (sypati)
  
  Glagolitic script: ⱄⱏⰹⱂⰰⱅⰻ (sypati)
- Bulgarian: си́пвам (sípvam)
- Macedonian: сипе (sipe)
- Serbo-Croatian:
  Cyrillic script: си̏пати
  
  Latin script: sȉpati
- Slovene: sípati
West Slavic:
- Old Czech: sypati
  - Czech: sypat
- Old Polish: sypać
  - Polish: sypać
- Kashubian: sëpac
- Slovak: sypať
- Sorbian:
  - Upper Sorbian: sypać
  - Lower Sorbian: sypaś

References

Derksen, Rick (2008) Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 483
Vasmer, Max (1964–1973), “сыпать”, in Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), transl. and suppl. by Oleg Trubachyov, Moscow: Progress
Sreznevsky, Izmail I. (1912), “сꙑпати”, in Матеріалы для Словаря древне-русскаго языка по письменнымъ памятникамъ [Materials for the Dictionary of the Old East Slavic Language Based on Written Monuments]‎ (in Russian), volume 3 (Р – Ꙗ и дополненія), Saint Petersburg: Department of Russian Language and Literature of the Imperial Academy of Sciences, column 875

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