< Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic
Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/uzda
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This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Slavic
Etymology
Most likely from *us- (“mouth”) + *-da (“lacative suffix”).
Inflection
Declension of *ūzdà (hard a-stem, accent paradigm b)
| Singular | Dual | Plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | *ūzdà | *ũzdě | *ūzdỳ |
| Accusative | *ūzdǫ̀ | *ũzdě | *ūzdỳ |
| Genitive | *ūzdỳ | *ūzdù | *ũzdъ |
| Locative | *ūzdě̀ | *ūzdù | *ūzdàsъ, *ūzdàxъ* |
| Dative | *ūzdě̀ | *ūzdàma | *ūzdàmъ |
| Instrumental | *ūzdòjǫ, *ũzdǫ** | *ūzdàma | *ūzdàmī |
| Vocative | *uzdo | *ũzdě | *ūzdỳ |
* -asъ is the expected Balto-Slavic form but is found only in some Old Czech documents; -axъ is found everywhere else and is formed by analogy with other locative plurals in -xъ.
** The second form occurs in languages that contract early across /j/ (e.g. Czech), while the first form occurs in languages that do not (e.g. Russian).
** The second form occurs in languages that contract early across /j/ (e.g. Czech), while the first form occurs in languages that do not (e.g. Russian).
Derived terms
- *obuzdati (“to bridle”)
- *orzuzdati (“to unbridle”)
Descendants
- East Slavic:
- South Slavic:
- West Slavic:
References
- Derksen, Rick (2008), “*ūzdà”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 511: “f. ā (b) ‘bridle’”
- Olander, Thomas (2001), “uzda uzdy”, in Common Slavic accentological word list, Copenhagen: Editiones Olander: “b tøjle (PR 135)”
- Snoj, Marko (2016), “uzda”, in Slovenski etimološki slovar3 (in Slovene), https://fran.si: “Pslovan. *uzda̋”
Further reading
- Vasmer, Max (1964–1973), “узда́”, in Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), transl. and suppl. by Oleg Trubachyov, Moscow: Progress
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