< Reconstruction:Proto-Turkic

Reconstruction:Proto-Turkic/-sa

This Proto-Turkic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Turkic

Alternative reconstructions
  • *-sar

Alternative forms
  • *-se

Suffix 1

*-sa

  1. Suffix creating verbal adverb.
    ‎*seb- (“to love”) + ‎*-sa → ‎*sebse (“with loving.”)
  2. if
    ‎*bar- (“to go”) + ‎*-sa → ‎*barsa (“if he/she/it goes.”)
  • *-gan (verbal adjective)
  • *-si (third person possessive case)
  • *-ni (accusative case)
  • *-ür (positive present tense)

Descendants
  • Oghur:
    • Bulgar: سَ-‎ (-sa) (verbal adverb)
      • Chuvash: -са (-sa), -се (-se) (verbal adverb); -сассӑн (-sassăn), -сессӗн (-sessĕn), -сан (-san), -сен (-sen) (if)
  • Common Turkic:
  • Arghu:
  • Oghuz:
    • Old Anatolian Turkish:
      • Azerbaijani: -sə, -sa
      • Ottoman Turkish:
    • Turkmen: -se, -sa
    • Salar:
  • Karluk:
    • Karakhanid:
      • Chagatai:
        • Uzbek: -sa
        • Uyghur:
  • Kipchak:
    • West Kipchak:
      • Crimean Tatar:
      • Kumyk: -са (-sa), -се (-se)
      • Karachay-Balkar:
      • Karaim:
    • North Kipchak:
      • Bashkir: -һа (-ha), -һә (-hä)
      • Tatar: -са (-sa), -сә (-sä)
    • East Kipchak:
      • Kyrgyz: -са (-sa), -се (-se), -со (-so), -сө (-sö)
      • Southern Altai: -са (-sa), -се (-se), -со (-so), -сӧ (-sö), -за (-za), -зе (-ze), -зо (-zo), -зӧ (-zö)
    • South Kipchak:
      • Kazakh: -са (-sa), -се (-se)
      • Nogai:
      • Karakalpak:
  • Siberian:
    • Old Turkic: [script needed] (-sar)
      • Old Uyghur: [script needed] (-sar)
        • Western Yugur: [script needed] (-sa)[2]
    • North Siberian:
      • Yakut: -тар (-tar), -тэр (-ter), -тор (-tor), -төр (-tör); -дар (-dar), -дэр (-der), -дор (-dor), -дөр (-dör); -лар (-lar), -лэр (-ler), -лор (-lor), -лөр (-lör); -нар (-nar), -нэр (-ner), -нор (-nor), -нөр (-nör)
      • Dolgan:
    • South Siberian:
      • Sayan:
        • Tuvan: -за (-za), -зе (-ze)
        • Tofa:
      • Yenisei:
        • Shor:
        • Khakas:

Suffix 2

*-sa

  1. Suffix creating verbs from nouns.
    ‎*sub (“water”) + ‎*-sa → ‎*subsa- (“to become thirsty, thirst”)

References
  1. Bosnalı, Sonel. (2010). "Halaççanın Yitim ve Değişim Sürecine Tasarlama Kipleri Açısından Bir Bakış". Bilig, 53, page 77.
  2. Ayazlı, Özlem. (2019). "Eski Türk Yazıtlarında Geçen Yer-Yön Adlarının Sarı Uygurcadaki Durumu". International Journal of Old Uyghur Studies, Sivas Turkey, 1(2), 211-232.
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