< Reconstruction:Proto-Turkic

Reconstruction:Proto-Turkic/kuńāĺ

This Proto-Turkic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Turkic

Etymology

From *kün (“sun; day”) +‎ *(h)āĺ (“heat”). [1] Likely cognate and related to Proto-Turkic *küneĺ (“sun; sunny place”).

Noun

*kuńāĺ

  1. sun
    Synonym: *küneĺ
  2. the blazing heat of the (midday) sun

Declension
Declension of *kuńāĺ
Singular 3)
Nominative *kuńāĺ
Accusative *kuńāĺnï, *kuńāĺnïg 1)
Genitive *kuńāĺnïŋ
Dative *kuńāĺka
Locative *kuńāĺta
Ablative *kuńāĺtan
Instrumental 2) *kuńāĺïn
Equative 2) *kuńāĺča
1) Found in early Proto-Turkic.
2) The original instrumental and equative cases have fallen into disuse in many Turkic languages.
3) Plurality is disputed in Proto-Turkic. See also the notes on the Proto-Turkic/Locative-ablative case and plurality page in Wikibooks.

Descendants
  • Oghur:
    • Chuvash:
  • Common Turkic: *kuyāš
    • *čōgāš
      • *čōgāč (assimilated later)
        • North Siberian:
  • Karluk:
    • Karakhanid:
      • Chagatai:
        • Uzbek: quyosh
        • Uyghur: قۇياش‎ (quyash)
  • Kipchak:
    • West Kipchak:
      • Karaim: къуяш (quyaş)
      • Kumyk: кыяс (qıyas)
    • North Kipchak:
    • South Kipchak:
      • Nogai: [script needed] (qıyaş)
      • Karakalpak: quyash
  • Siberian:
    • Old Uyghur: [script needed] (quyaš)
    • Northern Altai: куяш (kuyaš)
    • North Siberian:
    • South Siberian:
      • Yenisei:
        • Shor: қуйаш (quyaš)

References
  1. "On *p- and Other Proto-Turkic Consonants," by Orçun Ünal (Göttingen Academy of Sciences and Humanities, Göttingen, Germany) page 13
  • Clauson, Gerard (1972) An Etymological Dictionary of pre-thirteenth-century Turkish, Oxford: Clarendon Press, page 679
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